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My BDS2 > Oral Functions 1 - muscles > Flashcards

Oral Functions 1 - muscles Flashcards

1
Q

List the mandibular muscles.

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygid
Lateral pterygoid

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2
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the masseter?

A

Origin - Zygomatic arch

Insertion: Angle and lateral surface of the mandible.

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3
Q

What is the action of the masseter?

A

Elevates the mandible

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4
Q

How do you examine the masseter?

A

1 finger intra-orally and another finger on the cheek, extra-orally.

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Temporalis?

A

Origin - Floor of the temporal fossa

Insertion - Coronoid process and the anterior border of the ramus

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6
Q

What is the action of the temporalis?

A

Elevation and retraction of the mandible

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7
Q

How do you examine the temporalis?

A

Ask patient to clench.

Palpate above the ear and in the supra-orbital region.

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8
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Origin - Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Insertion via 2 independent heads:
Superior belly - Intra-articular disc
Inferior belly - anterior border of the condyle

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9
Q

What is the function of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Opening/depressing the mandible

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10
Q

How do you examine the lateral pterygoid?

A

Resisted movement

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid?

A

Origin:
Deep - medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
Superficial - Tuberosity of the maxilla

Insertion - angle of the mandible

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12
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

A

Elevation and protrusion of the mandible

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13
Q

How do you examine the medial pterygoid?

A

Cant examine

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14
Q

A spasm in which muscle is responsible for a jaw click?

A

Lateral pterygoid

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15
Q

What muscle is commonly anaesthetised accidentally in an Inferior alveolar nerve block?

A

Medial pterygoid

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16
Q

How many movements is there in the opening of the TMJ? Explain them.

A

2 Movements:

Rotation - initial (hinge) opening

Translation - wider opening
Protrusion: condyles moves out of the fossae and along the articular eminences.
or
Retrusion: Condyle moves from the articular eminence back to the fossae.

17
Q

What chart shows the border movements of the mandible?

A

Envelope chart

18
Q

What factors affect the maximum biting force?

A

Psychological factors - fear of tooth fracture

Muscle mass - larger muscles = greater forces

19
Q

List the muscle fibre types present in the jaw and what forces they are responsible for.

A

Type 1 - slower forces

Type 2 - stronger and faster forces

20
Q

What fibres are predominantly present in people with square jaws?

A

Type 2 fibres - stronger and faster forces

21
Q

In terms of tooth type and position; which supply larger forces?

A

Teeth that are closer to the muscles generating the forces and the TMJ.
I.e. 1st permanent molar has the greatest biting force.

Teeth that have the greatest root area and PDL support

22
Q

What teeth have poor biting forces and why?

A

Anteriors i.e. centrals and laterals

Further away from the TMJ and the muscles generating the forces.
Less root surface area

23
Q

List the suprahyoid muscles.

A

Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Digastric

24
Q

List the infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
thyrohyoid

25
Q

List the types of muscle in the tongue and their function.

A

Intrinsic - alter the shape

Extrinsic - alter the shape and position

26
Q

List the intrinsic muscles of the tongue - what is their function?

A

Alter the shape

Longitudinal
Vertical
Transverse

27
Q

List the Extrinsic muscles of the tongue - what is their function?

A

Genioglossus
Palatoglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus

28
Q

What facial muscles maintain the bolus in the oral cavity and prevent spillage?

A

Oblicularis Oris

Buccinator

My BDS2 (72 decks)

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