opposition to the church/ knowledge test Flashcards
who were the Lollards?
•it was originally a term given to the followers of John Wycliffe, in the fourteenth century
•they were early protestants
•many of them could read and spread ideas
what beliefs did the Lollards have?
•they believed that christianity should be based on the bible and not the interpretations of the priests
•they thought everyone should have their own bible written in English (rather than Latin)
•they didn’t think priests were necessary to have a relationship with God
•they rejected transubstantiation
•they believed in predestination
how did Lollardy die?
it was deemed heretic and the punishment was death
what is predestination?
the belief that the fate of an individuals soul either to go to heaven or hell was decided before the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden
what was Lutheranism?
•Martin Luther
•wanted the monarch to be in control instead of the pope
•William Tyndale translated the bible into English to give more control to the people over their faith
•they believed the bible should be translated into English and be accessible to all
•individualistic beliefs, your soul is benefitted by your faith alone
•they wanted to purify the church
what was Humanism?
•their ideas were developed through published texts
•they wanted to purify religion from the errors developed through translations
•they sought to reform the church from within
•they wanted to purify the church and remove superstition
•they wanted to rewrite the bible based on the original Greek texts
•they remained loyal to the church and the pope
4 reasons why the church is secure
•Lollard movement didn’t gain much traction as the church was the overwhelming power, so they were pushed underground
•the church is already reforming from within, there is an acceptance for the need to change
•Luther was put on trial and forced to hide for his own protection
•people were afraid to oppose the church for fear of being badly punished (eg burnt)
3 reasons why the church is not secure
•Lollards proved that new ideas were forming and the moment was not fully squashed, they show that there is a long history of unrest
•humanists was a movement of loyal catholics bringing light to the problems within the church
•luther had the printing press so ideas were spread faster
what 3 parts was the church divided into?
•priests
•bishops
•archbishops
how many monasteries were in england?
850
how many parishes were there in england?
9000
what did martin luther believe?
•he rejected 5 of the 7 sacraments
•denied papal authority
•moderately protestant
•doesn’t deny transubstantiation
•wanted a vernacular bible
•believes there should be some authority so was viewed as a ‘sellout’
