elizabeth’s reign 1558-1570

Question 1

what was elizabeth’s religion?

Answer 1

she was a moderate protestant, maintaining some vestiges of the old catholic doctrine

Question 2

what were some of elizabeth’s catholic beliefs and actions?

Answer 2

•she approved of church music
•she accepted salvation by faith
•she did not challenge the structure of the bishops
•she wanted to keep catholic vestments

Question 3

what were some of elizabeth’s protestant beliefs/ actions?

Answer 3

•supported royal supremacy
•believed that church services should be in english
•was against superstition, the use of icons and decorations in churches
•accepted salvation by faith
•the act of uniformity
•the book of common prayer

Question 4

what year did elizabeth come to the throne?

Answer 4

1558

Question 5

how old was elizabeth when she became queen?

Answer 5

25

Question 6

which one of henry’s wives was elizabeth close to?

Answer 6

catherine parr

Question 7

who became archbishop of canterbury after Pole?

Answer 7

Matthew Parker

Question 8

at the start of elizabeth’s reign how many protestant exiles return?

Answer 8

400

Question 9

two examples of extreme protestants

Answer 9

john knox and richard cox

Question 10

what is a fancy term for the protestant leaders who returned?

Answer 10

protestant émigrés

Question 11

what type of regime did john knox want?

Answer 11

he favoured the establishment of a Calvinist community

Question 12

what did richard cox want?

Answer 12

an english system based on the edwardian prayer book (2nd)

Question 13

what were Matthew Parker’s religious views?

Answer 13

he was dismissive of the catholic doctrine yet catholic people still trusted him

Question 14

what did the two catholics in elizabeth’s privy council support?

Answer 14

they had been supportive of the catholic liturgy but not of the restoration of papal authority

Question 15

what were visitation?

Answer 15

they were designed to enforce the elizabethan settlement and see that it was being upholded

Question 16

what were the problems with the visitations?

Answer 16

they were carried out by radical protestants who were strict and carried out iconoclasm (destroying images ect) as they went
•questioned elizabeth’s control

Question 17

what did elizabeth demand in terms of altars?

Answer 17

she demands that all churches should have a crucifix on the altar

Question 18

what was the reaction to elizabeth’s demands to put a crucifix on the altar?

Answer 18

bishops jewel and grindal threatened to resign

Question 19

how did elizabeth respond to bishops jewel and grindal?

Answer 19

elizabeth backs down, further questioning her authority

Question 20

when were the advertisements?

Answer 20

1566

Question 21

what were the advertisements?

Answer 21

a statement of what was expected of the clergy under the elizabethan settlement (eg what clothes they should wear)

Question 22

when were the advertisements objected?

Answer 22

•march 1566- Lambeth Palace
•out of 110 clergy, 37 refused the compromised option of the outfits

Question 23

how many members of clergy refused to wear the compromised clergy dress?

Answer 23

37

Question 24

what were created as an argument against the clergy dress?

Answer 24

pamphlets were spread opposing them

Question 25

who had to work out the advertisement problem?

Answer 25

elizabeth refused to act and left matthew parker to deal with it

Question 26

who were the protestant threats in europe?

Answer 26

the puritans and anabaptists, who rejected the monarch and believed the congregation should be in charge

Question 27

how was the protestant laity a threat in europe?

Answer 27

refusing to pay tithes in europe (not so much in england but it was still a threat)

Question 28

who were catholic dissidents?

Answer 28

people who remained loyal to catholic beliefs but nevertheless attend the anglican church

Question 29

what are recusants?

Answer 29

catholics who refused to attend the church and believed in papal authority, priests who adhered to the catholic doctrine/ liturgy

Question 30

how did St Swine’s church protest?

Answer 30

they hung a ‘catholic’ banner in remembrance of the prayer book rebellion

Question 31

how did some churches oppose the elizabethan settlement?

Answer 31

they continued catholic practices, like mass

Question 32

how did most catholics respond to the elizabethan settlement?

Answer 32

many catholics conformed

Question 33

what were the legal consequences of refusing to swear the oath of supremacy twice?

Answer 33

you would be killed

Question 34

what did elizabeth say to matthew parker about swearing the oath of supremacy?

Answer 34

she asked parker not to ask people a second time so that no one would be killed for refusing

Question 35

when did mary queen of scot’s flee to england?

Answer 35

1568

Question 36

reasons why protestants were more of a problem for the elizabethan regime

Answer 36

•bishops jewel and grindal •opposition to the advertisements •puritans and adabaptists •visitations going too far

Question 37

reasons why catholics were the biggest problem for the elizabethan regime

Answer 37

•large parts of the country retained old catholic ways •st swines church had a catholic banner symbolising the catholic protest •elizabeth didn’t properly enforce her settlement •matthew parker asked not to ask the laity to swear the oath a second time •catholic powers, excommunication could lead to potential invasion

Question 38

what were some examples of things elizabeth wanted priests to wear?

Answer 38

the surplice, alb, chasuble, cope and biretta

Question 39

what were the events at lambeth palace called?

Answer 39

the vestiarian controversy

Question 40

who was william wall and what did he do?

Answer 40

william wall continued catholic mass in preston in the north- shows that priests in the north didn’t always follow elizabeth’s instructions

Question 41

why was mary queen of scot’s a threat to elizabeth?

Answer 41

•she had a claim to the english throne •she had made claims and there had been a potential marriage between her and prince edward •she was a catholic and had the potential to attract support from those who wanted a catholic monarch

Question 42

why did elizabeth decide not to marry?

Answer 42

•she could not find someone to benefit her politically •saw the reaction to her sister (Mary’s) marriage

Question 43

why did some courtiers promote Mary queen of scot’s cause?

Answer 43

•they wanted Mary to marry the duke of norfolk, and they would produce an heir for elizabeth •solving the succession crisis

Question 44

what did the pope say about all the evils of the world?

Answer 44

‘all the evils of the world are due to lukewarm catholics’

Question 45

what year did mary queen of scot’s flee to england?

Answer 45

may 1568

Question 46

what year was the marriage between the duke of norfolk and mary proposed?

Answer 46

september 1569

Question 47

when was the revolt of the northern earls?

Answer 47

november 1569

Question 48

when was the execution of those involved in the rebellion?

Answer 48

january 1570

Question 49

which pope excommunicated elizabeth?

Answer 49

pope pius V

Question 50

when did pope pius V excommunicate elizabeth?

Answer 50

july 1570

Question 51

when was the earl of northumberland executed?

Answer 51

june 1572

Question 52

what two things were elizabeth’s court and parliament committed to doing?

Answer 52

•modernising policies of a protestant reform •centralised government

Question 53

who were the two most powerful catholic northern earls?

Answer 53

•northumberland •westmorland

Question 54

who was william cecil?

Answer 54

elizabeth’s main advisor

Question 55

what did cecil think about the marriage between norfolk and mary?

Answer 55

•he opposed it •elizabeth pardons cecil and sides with him

Question 56

what three things did elizabeth’s settlement combine?

Answer 56

•henry VIII’s break from the authority of the papacy •the establishment of the Erastian church •the protestant doctrine of the early years of Edward VI’s reign

Question 57

what did the protestant emigres/ leaders want to remove?

Answer 57

the whole hierarchy of the church, including the bishops

Question 58

when was the act of supremacy?

Answer 58

1559

Question 59

what did the act of supremacy name elizabeth as?

Answer 59

‘Supreme Governor’ of the church, rather than the head

Question 60

when was elizabeth’s book of common prayer released?

Answer 60

1559

Question 61

what was elizabeth’s book of common prayer like?

Answer 61

it did not return to the radical 1552 version and allowed priests and laymen to believe in transubstantiation if they wanted

Question 62

elizabeth insisted she did not want to…

Answer 62

‘make windows into men’s souls’

Question 63

what year was her act of uniformity?

Answer 63

1559

Question 64

what came under the 1559 act of uniformity?

Answer 64

it insisted on conformity, all must attend church every sunday

Question 65

what were people called who did not attend church?

Answer 65

recusants

Question 66

how much were people fined for not attending church?

Answer 66

one shilling