Opiod Analgesics, Antiepiletic Drugs Flashcards
What is opioids
Group of drugs that act in CNS and produce morphine like events such as relief of patient and euphoria:they are also called narcotics
Where does pain begins
*pain begins from the nociceptors to the dorsal root ganglion it’s synapses and secondary nerve fibers carry the signals from the spino-thalamic tract to the thalamus and ends in the sensory cortex
Neurotransmitters responsible for pain include the following
*glutamine
*substance P
*gene related peptide cgrp
What receptors does glutamate bind to
NMDA
AMPA
Which receptor does substance p bind to
*NK-1
C-gene related related peptide binds with
CGRP-R
How does the body cope with pain
-releasing Endogenous opioids
3 main family of endogenous opioids include
Enkephalins
Dynophins
Endorphins
3 types of opioids receptors
mu
&( delta )
K( kappa
Synthetic opioid agonists include 4
Fentanyl
Hydrocodone
Methadone
Oxycodone
Hydro morphone
Methadone is used to treat what
Nociceptive pain
Neuropathic pain
General Side effects of opioids
*Nausea and vomiting
*respiratory depression
*Anticough (depression of cough centers in the brain)
*suppression of the immune system
* Hypotension due to action of meperidine
* meperidine produces tachycardia
*opioids cause itching and decreased gastric emptying cause constipation
Biggest problem with opioids is
They cause addiction:physical and psychological dependence
Withdrawal symptoms: anxiety dysphoria, increased stress and blood pressure
Opioids antagonist
Naloxone
Antagonist of opioids
Naloxone
