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Pharmacology Exam > Antipsychotic Drugs > Flashcards

Antipsychotic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 group of drugs psychotropic activity

A

-antipsychotic drugs
-CNS stimulants
-Anxiolytic drugs
-Antidepressants

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2
Q

Mention Atleast 2 psychomimetic drugs

A

-cannabis sativa
-psilocin

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3
Q

What are Antipyschotic drugs used for ??

A

Schizophrenia

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4
Q

Write 3 positive symptoms go mmm of schizophrenia

A

-hallucinations-
-delusional thoughts
-Thought disorder

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5
Q

Write 3 negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

-social isolation
-difficulty to perform every day task
-Inability to experience pleasure

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6
Q

Classification of antipsychotic drugs and list 3 drugs

A

-1st generation
*Haloperidol
*chlorpromazine
*Fluphenazine
-2nd generation
*clozapine
*risiperidone
Ariprasidone

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7
Q

Give 3 difference between the 1 and 2nd generation of antipsychotic drugs

A

-receptor profile
-efficiency against negative symptoms
-Incidence of extrapyramidal sides are less in second generation antipsychotic drugs

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8
Q

High light the theory or cause of schizophrenia

A

-Genetic and environmental factors:genes are said to be a possible reason for schizophrenia
-neuroanatomy and neurochemical basis:dopamine theory and NMDA hypo function

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9
Q

What are the dopaminergic pathways

A

-Mesolimbic pathway:responsible for positive symptoms ,it regulates emotional and motivational responses
-Mesocortical pathway:responsible for negative symptoms,it involves in the formation of adequate behavior and individual behavior
-Nigrostratial pathway: responsible for motor skills
Tuberoinfundibar pathway:inhibits secretion of prolactin and growth hormone

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10
Q

NMDA receptors can u describe why they lead to schizophrenia

A

-This is because of glutamatergic neurotransmission ,when the NMDA receptors have hypo function

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11
Q

Antagonism of Antipsychotic receptors include

A

-D-Dopamine receptors
-Muscarinic Acetylcholine receptors
-H: Histamine receptors
-Alpha adrenergic receptors
-5 H2 receptors

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12
Q

Agonist/partial agonist

A

5HT1

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13
Q

Describe the Antipsychotic pharmacology properties of antipsychotic drugs

A

Blocking of Dopamine receptors D1 and D2 and interaction of 5 HT receptors will influence the dopamine pathways such as mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways

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14
Q

What is the sedative action of antipsychotic drugs

A

-Binding with a-adrenergic receptor, M-acetylcholine,and blockade of the influence the midbrain and limbic system

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15
Q

Blockage of Dopamine D2 receptors can inhibit which center in the brain

A

Emetic center (nucleus tractus solitaries)

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16
Q

What are the effects of sedative blockage of a-adrenergic receptors,histamine 1 , 5HT2

A

Hypothermia (Hypothalamus)
Orthostatic hypotension (dial tati on of peripheral vessels increases heat transfer)

17
Q

Unwanted side effects of antipsychotic drugs ( where are Extrapyramidal side affects

A

1- Acute dyskinesia and Parkinson like syndrome
2- Tardive dyskinesia
3-(tuberoinfundibular pathway)
4-hyperprolactinemia which can lead to Gynecomastia

18
Q

Unwanted side effects of Antipsychotics blockage of m-acetylcholine receptor

A

-dry mouth
-Tachycardia
-urinary retention
-constipation
- mydriasis and blurring of vision
Peripheral action

19
Q

What are 4 symptoms acute dystonia is reversible

A

Acute dystonia is involuntary movements symptoms include
-restless
-protruding tongue
-muscle spasms
-often accompanied Parkinson’s like syndrome

20
Q

Prolonged use of Parkinson drug LEVODOPA can lead to ?

A

Tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movement of the face and tongue , trunks and limbs

21
Q

Briefly describe Antipsychotic malignant syndrome

A

It is similar to malignant hyperthermia, patients body temperature rises very high and Blood pressure too ,patient also experience mental confusion it’s reversible

22
Q

What are the advantages of 2nd generation antipsychotic drugs

A

-They cause less extrapyramidal symptoms and hyperprolactemia
-They reduce negative symptoms of psychosis
-Clozapine can be used to treat resistant psychosis when traditional drugs fail

23
Q

What are the unwanted side effects of clozapine

A

-Agranulocytosis (blood count is monitored)
-weight gain
-hypotension
-Antimuscarinic effects
-sedation

24
Q

Indications of antipsychotic drugs

A

-Behavioral emergencies such as schizophrenia, mania and toxic delirium and aggressive or violent patients

25
Q

Mention 4 Other clinical uses of antipsychotics

A

-nausea and vomiting
-Treatment of shock
-Antisocial sexual behavior
-restlessness and pain

Pharmacology Exam (16 decks)

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