Oesophageal Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Aetiologies of squamous cell?
A
Smoking
Alcohol
Achalasia
Poor diet
2
Q
Aetiologies of adenocarcinoma?
A
GORD Barrett's Smoking Obesity Alcohol Male (middle aged caucasians at highest risk)
3
Q
Pathology of squamous cell?
A
Middle and upper thirds of oesophagus
Large and exophytic tumours
Metastasis (bone, brain, liver, lung)
4
Q
Pathology of adenocarcinoma?
A
Distal oesophagus
Related to dysplasia becoming malignant in Barrett’s oesophagus
Metastasis (bone, brain, liver, lung)
5
Q
Signs and Symptoms?
A
Progressive dysphagia Anorexia/weight loss Odynophagia Chest pain Cough Vocal cord paralysis Haematemesis Lymphadenopathy
6
Q
Investigations and Findings?
A
Barium swallow
Chest x-ray
Gastroscopy + biopsy - tumour seen as stricture, cell dysplasia and hyperplasia
CT/MRI/PET scan for staging
7
Q
Management?
A
Surgical oesophagectomy (+chemotherapy in patients with T1/T2 staging)
8
Q
Complications?
A
Bone/brain/liver/lung/lymph metastases
