Obesity

Question 1

What is obesity

Answer 1

When a persons BMI is 30% +

Question 2

Causes of obesity

Answer 2

Incorrect energy balance 
Poor food choices 
Medications 
Emotional issues 
Lack of physical excercise

Question 3

Health risks associated with obesity

Answer 3

Stroke
High blood pressure 
Infertility 
Arthritis 
Gallstones 
Sleep apnea

Question 4

How is a stoke caused

Answer 4

Interruption of the blood supply to the brain depriving brain tissues of oxygen and nutrients

Question 5

How is hypertension caused

Answer 5

By high blood pressure forging blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps faster then usual

Question 6

What is arthritis

Answer 6

Chronic flammation of joints

Question 7

What are gallstone s

Answer 7

Small stones made of cholesterol that form in the gall bladder
If it gets trapped it can cause severe abdominal pain

Question 8

What is sleep apnea

Answer 8

One or more pauses in breath during sleep

Question 9

Treatment of obesity

Answer 9

Low calorie diet

Increase of excercise

Question 10

Dietary guidelines for an obses person

Answer 10

Eat a low calorie diet
Ensure portion sizes are accurate
Increase fruit and veg as they are low calorie
Avoid processed foods as they are higher in fat and calories
Reduce empty calories e.g. Fizzy drinks and alcohol
Grill bake and steam food

Question 11

When does coronary heart disease occur?

Answer 11

When the walls of the Coronary arteries narrow due to a build up of cholesterol

Question 12

What does the buildup of the cholesterol prevent

Answer 12

Flow of oxygen rich blood to the heart

Question 13

What is the hardening of thr arteries due to cholesterol

Answer 13

Arteriosclerosis

Question 14

What are the effects of coronary heart disease

Answer 14

Angina
Heart attack
Sudden cardiac death

Question 15

What is angina

Answer 15

Cholestrol build up preventing oxygen to the heart muscle leading to shortness in breath and severe chest pains

Question 16

What causes heart attacjs

Answer 16

Blood clot develops in an already narrow artery blocking blood flow and oxygen supply to thr heart causing chest pain and shortness in breath

Question 17

What is cholesterol,

Answer 17

A soft wax like substance produced by the liver or obtained by food

Question 18

What is a certain amount of cholestrol needed for

Answer 18

Bile to help emulsify lipids during digestion
Transport fat around the blood
Attached to protein to make lipoproteins
Essential component of cell membrane

Question 19

What are the 2 types of lipoproteins

Answer 19

LDLs

HDLs

Question 20

Risk associated with CHD

Answer 20

Smoking narrows blood vessels
Alcohol increases blood clots
Lack of excercise causes LDLs to remain high
Diet in sat fat raises LDLs
Obesity strains the heart
High stress reduced blood flow to the heart

Question 21

Lifestyle guidelines to reduce CHD

Answer 21

Reduce weight 
Excercise daily 
Avoid alcohol 
Do not smoke 
Reduce stress

Question 22

Dietary guidelines to reduce CHD

Answer 22

Reduce intake of Hugh sat fat foods 
Use unsaturated food sources 
Choose lean sources of protein 
Reduced refined carbohydrates 
Choose functional foods