Nutritional Disorders Flashcards
what are water soluable vitamins?
B & C
what are fat soluable vitamins?
A, D, E, & K
What is viamin B!?
Thiamine
What is the function of thiamine?
maintains good neural conduction and maintains good nerve conduction
what is the most important source of B1?
husked grains, white rice
What does B1 deficiency cause?
Beri Beri
what competes with B1?
alchohol in neural function
what is dry beri beri?
symmetrical peripheral polynueropathy with myelin degeneration
cheifly in the periphial nerves
what are manifestations of dry beri beri?
wrist drop, foot drop and big toe drop
paresthia, numbness, & loss of reflexes
what is wet beri beri?
chracrterized by damage to the cardio vasculature system
found in the blood
what are characteristics of wet beri beri?
enlargement of the heart with thinning
dypsnea and orthopena
location of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?
effects the mammaly bodies of the brain
floor of the fourth ventricle
anterior region of the cerebellum
what are characteristics of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?
global confusion
apthy
listlessness
disorientation
what is the most dangerous manifestation of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?
OTHALMOPLEGIA
deep in the CNS resulting in irregular eye movement
patient is close to death
what are manifesations of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?
anterograde amnesia
confabulation
What is name for B2?
riboflavin
what is arriboflavinous?
long term chronic debilitating disease like cancer or renal disease
what are symptoms of riboflavin deficiency?
cheliosis- cracks in the corner of the mouth
glossitus- inflammed red tongue
superficial interstitual keratitus-hardening of the cornea
what is the manifestaion of dermatitus?
nasolabial folds
behind the ears
groin
B2 def does not effect the CNS
What is the name for vitamin B3?
niacin
where is B3 converted in the body?
in the gut flora from tryptophan
What can B3 prevent?
artheriosclerosis
What may B3 Deficiency of may cause?
pellegra
4 D's diarrhea dermatitis dementia death
what are antagonist of peroxidine B6?
izoniazid (used to treat TB)
estrogens
D-penicilliaminem(used to treat Wilson’s disease)
what is seborrheic dermatitus?
sloughing of epithelial cells; usually effect the scalp
what is nidus?
clump of epithelial cells that form within the bladder+kidney stones–>larger larger to form stones in the urinary tract
where do we obtain B12?
animal foods
what do stomach parietal produce?
intrinsic factor
AKA intrinsic factor of castle
what is essential for B12 absorption?
intrinsic factor
what are causes of B12 deficiency?
inadequate intake of meat
surgical removal of stomach
alchoholism
What are some disorders that effect the illium?
celiac and chron’s disease
what is pernicious anemia Type 1?
antibodies bind to the intrinsic factor receptor
what is pernicious anemia Type 2?
antibodies bind to the illiem receptor
therefore may not enter the blood stream
what is type III? (autoimmune chronic gastritus)
destroys parietal cells in the stomach–>results in no production of intrinsic factor and B12 cannot be absorbed
In megablastic anemia, what is there a inhibition of?
DNA synthesis—>results in large RBC’s
what does folic acid deficiency mean?
there si no tetrahydrofolte
what are macrocytes?
large RBC’s, WBC’s, and Platelets
what is pancytopenia?
totla decrease in the number of red blood cells
what is anemia?
decreased RBC’s
what is leucopenia?
decreased white blood cells
what is thrombocytopenia?
decreased platelets
what does deficiency of folic acid (B9) result in?
cheilosis
chelitis
glossitus
(B2, B6, & B9 result in)
what is methotrexate?
drug used in the treatment against reductase
try to prevent cellular replication of cancer cells
what does myelin degeneration result in?
numbness
ataxia-abnormal gate
paraplegia
what is the name for vitamin c?
ascorbic acid
what is procallogen full of?
proline
what does the function of hydroxyproline?
makes connective tissue strongth
increase tensile strenght
what is another role of vitamin C?
functions as an anitoxidant and works with vitamin E
how may vitamin C help the heart?
reduce atherscloerosis and LDL’s
what disease’s are ascorbic acid associated with?
bleeding diathesis
subperiosteal hematoma
retrobulbar hematomas
