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Pathology I > Nutritional Disorders > Flashcards

Nutritional Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what are water soluable vitamins?

A

B & C

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2
Q

what are fat soluable vitamins?

A

A, D, E, & K

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3
Q

What is viamin B!?

A

Thiamine

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4
Q

What is the function of thiamine?

A

maintains good neural conduction and maintains good nerve conduction

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5
Q

what is the most important source of B1?

A

husked grains, white rice

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6
Q

What does B1 deficiency cause?

A

Beri Beri

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7
Q

what competes with B1?

A

alchohol in neural function

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8
Q

what is dry beri beri?

A

symmetrical peripheral polynueropathy with myelin degeneration

cheifly in the periphial nerves

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9
Q

what are manifestations of dry beri beri?

A

wrist drop, foot drop and big toe drop

paresthia, numbness, & loss of reflexes

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10
Q

what is wet beri beri?

A

chracrterized by damage to the cardio vasculature system

found in the blood

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11
Q

what are characteristics of wet beri beri?

A

enlargement of the heart with thinning

dypsnea and orthopena

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12
Q

location of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?

A

effects the mammaly bodies of the brain

floor of the fourth ventricle

anterior region of the cerebellum

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13
Q

what are characteristics of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?

A

global confusion
apthy
listlessness
disorientation

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14
Q

what is the most dangerous manifestation of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?

A

OTHALMOPLEGIA

deep in the CNS resulting in irregular eye movement

patient is close to death

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15
Q

what are manifesations of wernicke encephalopathy and korsakoff’s psychosis?

A

anterograde amnesia

confabulation

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16
Q

What is name for B2?

A

riboflavin

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17
Q

what is arriboflavinous?

A

long term chronic debilitating disease like cancer or renal disease

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18
Q

what are symptoms of riboflavin deficiency?

A

cheliosis- cracks in the corner of the mouth

glossitus- inflammed red tongue

superficial interstitual keratitus-hardening of the cornea

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19
Q

what is the manifestaion of dermatitus?

A

nasolabial folds

behind the ears

groin

B2 def does not effect the CNS

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20
Q

What is the name for vitamin B3?

A

niacin

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21
Q

where is B3 converted in the body?

A

in the gut flora from tryptophan

22
Q

What can B3 prevent?

A

artheriosclerosis

23
Q

What may B3 Deficiency of may cause?

A

pellegra

4 D's
diarrhea
dermatitis
dementia
death
24
Q

what are antagonist of peroxidine B6?

A

izoniazid (used to treat TB)
estrogens
D-penicilliaminem(used to treat Wilson’s disease)

25
Q

what is seborrheic dermatitus?

A

sloughing of epithelial cells; usually effect the scalp

26
Q

what is nidus?

A

clump of epithelial cells that form within the bladder+kidney stones–>larger larger to form stones in the urinary tract

27
Q

where do we obtain B12?

A

animal foods

28
Q

what do stomach parietal produce?

A

intrinsic factor

AKA intrinsic factor of castle

29
Q

what is essential for B12 absorption?

A

intrinsic factor

30
Q

what are causes of B12 deficiency?

A

inadequate intake of meat

surgical removal of stomach

alchoholism

31
Q

What are some disorders that effect the illium?

A

celiac and chron’s disease

32
Q

what is pernicious anemia Type 1?

A

antibodies bind to the intrinsic factor receptor

33
Q

what is pernicious anemia Type 2?

A

antibodies bind to the illiem receptor

therefore may not enter the blood stream

34
Q

what is type III? (autoimmune chronic gastritus)

A

destroys parietal cells in the stomach–>results in no production of intrinsic factor and B12 cannot be absorbed

35
Q

In megablastic anemia, what is there a inhibition of?

A

DNA synthesis—>results in large RBC’s

36
Q

what does folic acid deficiency mean?

A

there si no tetrahydrofolte

37
Q

what are macrocytes?

A

large RBC’s, WBC’s, and Platelets

38
Q

what is pancytopenia?

A

totla decrease in the number of red blood cells

39
Q

what is anemia?

A

decreased RBC’s

40
Q

what is leucopenia?

A

decreased white blood cells

41
Q

what is thrombocytopenia?

A

decreased platelets

42
Q

what does deficiency of folic acid (B9) result in?

A

cheilosis

chelitis

glossitus

(B2, B6, & B9 result in)

43
Q

what is methotrexate?

A

drug used in the treatment against reductase

try to prevent cellular replication of cancer cells

44
Q

what does myelin degeneration result in?

A

numbness

ataxia-abnormal gate

paraplegia

45
Q

what is the name for vitamin c?

A

ascorbic acid

46
Q

what is procallogen full of?

A

proline

47
Q

what does the function of hydroxyproline?

A

makes connective tissue strongth

increase tensile strenght

48
Q

what is another role of vitamin C?

A

functions as an anitoxidant and works with vitamin E

49
Q

how may vitamin C help the heart?

A

reduce atherscloerosis and LDL’s

50
Q

what disease’s are ascorbic acid associated with?

A

bleeding diathesis

subperiosteal hematoma

retrobulbar hematomas

Pathology I (21 decks)

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