Chapter 2: Cells Participate in Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

what is luekocyte emigration?

A

large outpouring of WBC’s from the blood

proceess takes about 10 minutes

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2
Q

during inflammation, where does the emmigration occcur?

A

post cappillary venules

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3
Q

what is diapedesis?

A

passive escape of RBC’s that move outside the vessel

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4
Q

where are WBC’s located in normal laminar bllod flow?

A

in the center

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5
Q

what happens to the distribution of cells upon injury?

A

RBC’s become larger and move to center and WBC’s move to the periphy

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6
Q

what is pavementing?

A

WBC’s adherence to the endothelial cells surfaces

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7
Q

where does leukocyte emigration take place?

A

only in the post capillary venules

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8
Q

what are the 5 polymorphonuclear cells?

A

Basophil
eosinophil
neutraphil

monocytes
lyphocytes

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9
Q

What is the most common WBC?

A

neutraphil 55-60%

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10
Q

what is the life span of the neutraphil?

A

8 hrs -3 days

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11
Q

how many lobes does a neutraphil have?

A

2-5 lobes

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12
Q

which cell releases histamine?

A

basophil cell with mast cells

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13
Q

what is phagocytosis?

A

in the process of exudate, engulfment of the bacteria

exocytosis

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14
Q

which cells are professional presenting cells?

A

macrophage
monocytes
basophils
neutraphils

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15
Q

what is oxygen independent enzymes of macrophaes?

A

lysozyme
lactoferin
defensin
elastase

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16
Q

what is the fuhction of lactoferin?

A

reduces free iron necessary for mitosis in mnay bacteria

17
Q

what/where is defensins produced?

A

anitbody like substance produced in lysosomes of neutraphils

18
Q

what is the fx of elasetase?

A

degrades callogen and elastin; removes intracellualr debris

19
Q

what is oxygen dependent killing?

A

production of oxygen free radicals; hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, hydroxial radicals so called “single-oxygen”

20
Q

what is chronic granulomatous?

A

rare gentic disoer in phagocytic killing that is due to the impairment of oxygen free radicals

NADPH deficiency

x-linked plasma membrane defect

21
Q

what is chediak-Higashi syndrome?

A

defect in both motlity and degranulation

cannot go to site of inflmmation on time

cannot degranulate

22
Q

How and where is histamine released?

A

at the site of inflammation and release by mast/basophils cells in response to physical injury

Type I hypersensivity reaction

23
Q

what is the function of histamine?

A

vasodilation
increased permeability
brochospasm
increase mucous secretion

24
Q

what is the fx of anaphylotoxins?

A

3Ca and 5Ca causes degranualtion

25
what is the fx of serotonine?
fx is similar to histamine released after exposed to callogen in the basement membrane, ADP, thrombin
26
what is the function of substance P neuropeptide
transmission of pain signals regulation of blood pressure powerful mediator of increased vascular permeability
27
where is substance P produced?
periphal nervous and CNS lungs and gastro-intestinal nervous tissue
28
what could trigger degranulation of a mast cell?
cold, heat, trauma, encounter with foreign substances
29
what receptor does histamine bind to?
H1 receptor
30
who/what releases serotonin?
platelets when they encounter collagen in the basement membrane