Hemodynamic Disorders Flashcards
What is a thrombosis?
platelet activation (von willibrand factor is working) and platelet aggregation occurs without threat of vascualr damage and blood loss
what is the result of a thrombosis?
platelet plug formation
where may a bood clot form?
inside or outside of a vessel
where may a thrombus form?
refers to blood that has clotted within a blood vessel and always maintains a point of contact
where does a thrombus originate?
from a vascular wall
what are the lines of Zahn?
thrombi characterized by visible and microscopic lamination produced by alternating layers
what is a plae layer composed of?
platelets mixed with fibrin
what is the dark layers composed of? in the Lines of Zahn?
composed of RBC
where can the lines of Zhan be found?
heart and usually the arch region
what is an exmaple of Lines of Zhan?
mitral stenosis: narrowong of the left atrioventricular opening–>bllod flow is slower
what is the first factor in thrombosis formation?
endothelial damage
what causes hemodynamic stress (aka: normal wear and tear)?
hypertension
what is hypertension?
increaased resistance and friction between vasculature wall and fluids
serois facor that promotes endothelial damage
what is arterial hemodynamic stress?
normal wear and tear resulting in arteriosclerosis accerlated by hypertension
what is atherosclerosis?
specific changes such as formation of plaque in arterial walls
what does platelet aggregation lead to?
atherosclerotic plugs
what is venous iatrogenic thrombosis?
caused by medical care–>results in endothelial damage
where does thrombosis usually occur?
95% happen in the deep veins due to slow blood flow
what are characteristics of flow abnormalities?
reduction in the rate of blood flow
what causes decreased rate of blood flow?
cardiac damage
what is mitral stenosis?
narrowing of the valve reduces blood flow–>thrombus formation in the lines of Zhann
what is a mural thrombosis?
formed in the chambers in the heart
what is rhuematic heart disease?
mitral stenosis slows blood flow in the lft atrium and thrombus formation likely
what is increased blood viscosity?
changes blood properties–> causes blood to slow slower–>predisposition to thrombus
what is polycythemia?
over production of red blood cells—>increases furiction to vascular wall–>can lead to death
where is a thrombus MC in venous system?
lower legs deep vein
how do the valaves open in the veins?
sub P/vasodilator
what are varacose veins?
disention in the vein walls from each other; valves are not closing properly
flow goes without restriction
what is turbulence?
disruption of laminar blood flow
what is hypercoagulation?
increased ability of the blood to coagulate
