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Pathology I > Chapter 06 Neoplasia > Flashcards

Chapter 06 Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

what is neoplasia?

A

new tissue formation; involves an overgrowth of tissue to form a neoplastic mass or tumor

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2
Q

what is hyperplasia?

A

growth happens with repsonse to a particular stimuli and only in limited numbers

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3
Q

what is an example of hyperplasia?

A

focal hyperplasia of the epidermis is a response to increased pressure and friction to the skins surface

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4
Q

Give another example of hyperplasia?

A

ex. endometrail hyperplasia plays a role in normal menstraul cycle
ex. swollen lymphnodes

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5
Q

what is metaplasia?

A

is the conversion of one cell type to another

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6
Q

give an example of metaplasia?

A

respiratory epithelium usually undergoes metaplasia in repsonse to inhaled irritants

cigarette smoke or industrial pollutents

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7
Q

what is dysplasia?

A

seen in epithelial when irritation is more severe and prolonged

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8
Q

what is pleomorphism?

A

tougher replacement tissue; its achitecture is disordered and cells demonstrate varaible size and shape

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9
Q

what is aplasia?

A

lack of organ develpoment

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10
Q

what is hypolasia?

A

development that is inadequate

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11
Q

what is a factor in tumor growth?

A

the imbalace between growth inhibitionand growth stimuli = overgrowth

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12
Q

what is autonomous growth?

A

growing independently without usual restraints

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13
Q

what is the study of tumors?

A

oncology

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14
Q

what is a benign tumor?

A

the growth is relatively slow and orderly and tumor rermains local

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15
Q

what is a malignant tumor?

A

characterized by rapid growth and by agressive invasion into normal adjascent tissue

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16
Q

what does cancer mean?

A

latin for crab; crab claw appearance in some tumors

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17
Q

what is a benign glandular tumor called?

A

adenoma

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18
Q

what is benign tumor in the bone called?

A

osteoma

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19
Q

What does ectoderm line?

A

outlayer of surface of body

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20
Q

what does endoderm line?

A

internal surfaces

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21
Q

what tissue do malignant tumors arise from?

A

carcinomas

22
Q

what are malignant glandular tumors called?

A

adenocarcinomas

23
Q

what is a cystademoma?

A

pocket of cyst secreted by adenoma

24
Q

what tissue do malignant tumors derive from?

A

mesoderm

called sarcomas

25
Q

what are tumors called derived from cartilage?

A

chondroma

26
Q

what are malignant tumors called derived from fibrous CT?

A

fibrosarcoma

27
Q

what is the name when cells become neoplastic in the deepest layer?

A

basal cell carcinoma

28
Q

what is the name when cells become neoplastic near the surface of the skin?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

29
Q

NEOPLASTIC TISSUE

A

NEOPLASTIC TISSUE

30
Q

when is degree of resemblence greater?

A

in benign tumors

31
Q

what describes a highly pleomorphic tumor(varies in shape and size)?

A

malignant tumor

32
Q

what do malignant cells demonstrate a greater use of?

A

anaerobic glycolosis

33
Q

what reflects a pattern of change from a previous cell?

A

anaplasia

34
Q

Cases in which there is a lack of resemblence to embryonic tissue?

A

Giant cell tumor

35
Q

FIBROUS STROMA

A

FIBROUS STROMA

36
Q

What is characteristic of sarcomas?

A

soft fleshy consistency

37
Q

what is characteristic of scirrhous tumor?

A

stromal response is exaggerated and densely collagenous tumor, hard to the touch

38
Q

VASCULAR STROMA

A

VASCULAR STROMA

39
Q

WHAT IS VASCULAR STROMA?

A

blood vessels within a tumor

40
Q

whan does a tumor requie additional blood supply?

A

about 1mm

41
Q

what is the process of new vessel formation in a tumor called?

A

angiogensis

42
Q

what is VEGF and its function?

A

vascular endothelial growth factor

fx: supports the growth of ther tumor

43
Q

what are characteristics of vascualr stroma?

A

loose endothelial junctions and may lack basement membrane

44
Q

TUMOR PRODUCTS

A

TUMOR PRODUCTS

45
Q

what does a squamous cell carcinoma produce?

A

excessive keratin

46
Q

how may a tumors diagnosis be aided?

A

overproduction of enzyme

47
Q

what are examples of secreting large quantitiesof serous fluid?

A

serous tumors

48
Q

what does an overproduction of mucous lead to?

A

gelatinous texture of muciod tumor

49
Q

what is the rate of growth of a benign tumor?

A

more rapidly than nnormal tissue but more slowly than malignant tumor

50
Q

what is a distinct characteristic of a benign tumor?

A

presence of fibrous connective tissue capsule that surrounds the tumor mass

Pathology I (21 decks)

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