Chapter 2 Inflammation

Question 1

what is a spincter?

Answer 1

arterioles connect with cappilary beds

Question 2

where does inflammation develop?

Answer 2

where the capiilary and post cappillary venules meets

Question 3

what do the cappilary beds consist of?

Answer 3

basement membrane

Question 4

what is the outermost layer of the basement membrane composed of?

Answer 4

endothelial cells

Question 5

how do nutrients/ ion cross the open channels of the endothelial cells?

Answer 5

pinocytic vesicles

Question 6

what pulls the fluid out of the cappilary beds?

Answer 6

blood hydrostatic pressure and tissue osomotic pressure

Question 7

what pulls fluid into the cappilary beds?

Answer 7

tissue hydrostatic and blood osmotic pressure

Question 8

what cause edema?

Answer 8

decrese blood osmotic pressure

Question 9

what are the two component s of inflammation?

Answer 9

vascular and cellular

Question 10

what is hyperemia?

Answer 10

increased blood flow

Question 11

what is the function of a fibroblast?

Answer 11

in CT, produce the protein in the ECM and many of its fibers

Question 12

what is a serous inflammation?

Answer 12

is a response to a mild injury in which only fluid is allowed to escape

examples: second degree burns and blisters

Question 13

what is supperative inflammation (purulent)?

Answer 13

more serious injury, causing gretaer necrosis

continas a number of luekocytes/neutrophils

Question 14

what is diffuse suppurative called?

Answer 14

celluitus

Question 15

what is an abcess?

Answer 15

localized accumilation of pus

Question 16

what is hemorragic inflammation?

Answer 16

injury of great intensity, capillary damage allows the escape of blood tissue?

Question 17

what does “functio laesa” mean?

Answer 17

loss of function

Question 18

what is gravity weight of exudate?

Answer 18

1.020

Question 19

what is the gravity weight of transudate?

Answer 19

1.012

Question 20

what are the two components of inflammation?

Answer 20

vasculature and cellular

Question 21

what is hyperemia?

Answer 21

increased blood flow and increased permeability of blood vessels

Question 22

what is exudate?

Answer 22

inflammatory fluid at the site of inflammation

Question 23

what are characteristics of exudate?

Answer 23

protein rich fluid
plasma cells
WBC’s
space for healing damaged tissue

Question 24

what is transudate?

Answer 24

refers to the perfusion of normal fluid portion of the blood inot the tissues; due to hydrostatic and osmotic pressure

Question 25

what are components of vascular inflammation?

Answer 25

hyperemia and stasis

Question 26

what is hyperemia?

Answer 26

increased blood flow

Question 27

what is stasis?

Answer 27

is the slowing of blood flow causing blood to stop

Question 28

what is filtration?

Answer 28

fluid is pushed out of the capillary into the tissue

Question 29

what are characteristics associated with hyperemia?

Answer 29

tumor, rubor, increase in temperature, pain, and reduced function

Question 30

what are the four benefits of fluid exudate in inflammation?

Answer 30

1. dilution of toxins
2. increase pan by swelling
3. antibodies that are retained by the blood
4. contetnt of protein which amplies response

Question 31

what is the effect of albumin into the tissue?

Answer 31

increases osmotoc pressure inot the tissue

Question 32

what is the function of fibrinogen?

Answer 32

mainatains homeostasis and prevents blood lose

Question 33

what is laminar blood flow?

Answer 33

componets of the blood flow at the center of the vessel they become surrounded by the fluid portion

Question 34

what is empyema?

Answer 34

accumilation of pus in the cavity

Question 35

what two cavities is em[yema seen?

Answer 35

pleural and subdural empyema