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Natsumi - NPLEX 2 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Omega 3 FAs

A

ALA, EPA, DHA

Use: atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, Inflammatory diseases, mental health, DM, eczema

Def→derm pathologies, CV pathologies

Foods: cold water fish, cod liver oil, walnut, flax or soy oil, algae

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2
Q

Omega 6 FAs

A

GLA, linoleic acid
Uses: allergies, RA, asthma, eczema with itch
Tox: large doses cause peroxidation without additional Vit E
Foods: veggies, nuts, seed, evening primrose, borage oil

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3
Q

Saturated FAs

A

contain no double bonds
Tox: excessive ingestion, inc risk of CV dz, colon CA
Foods: animal products, palm and coconut oils

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4
Q

Trans FAs

A

Just don’t eat this shit.
Cause: ADHD, atherosclerosis and CA
Foods: hydrogenated oils in processed foods, margarine, vegetable cooking oil

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5
Q

Water soluble fiber

A

prevent/Tx CV dz, DM, obesity, IBS, colon CA, diverticulitis, other GI dzs
Foods: fruits, legumes, seaweeds, vegetables, whole grains, nuts

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6
Q

Water insoluble fiber

A

Same use as most water soluble fibers, but *more irritating . PUD, constipation, digestive, weight loss
Food: wheat germ, veggies (roots), legumes, some fruits

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7
Q

Protein deficiencies

A

Kwashiokor: protein malnutrition with sufficient calories - hypoalbuminemic, gen edema, hepatosplenomegaly
Marasmus: (infants) protein and kcal deficiency - diarrhea, hunger, severe weight loss, growth retardation, muscle and subQ fat wasting

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8
Q

Notes about protein in gen

A

Tx uses: pregnany, lactation, pre-eclampsia
Other notes
Promotes Ca excretion and urine acidification –> osteoporosis and urolith
LIMIT in peeps with chronic renal failure and hepatic failure
Dietary levels correlated with heart dz
L-DOPa must be taken away from protein meals

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9
Q

Folic Acid

A

Uses: megaloblastic anemia, cervical dysplasia, neuro dz, oral dz (gingivitis), CA
foods: liver, greens, beets, broccoli

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10
Q

B12

Cobalamin

A

Uses: Deficiency syndromes and metabolic d/os - pernicious or megaloblastic anemias; neuropsych conditions: fatue, anxiety, depression, dementia
animal protein, milk, eggs, seafood, brewers yeast, fermented cheese
*Always give with folate
Lab: MMA, hypersegmentation of neutrophils

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11
Q

B6

Pyridoxine

A

Uses: Pain, N of pregnancy, PMS, depression, diabetes, asthma
meats, whole grains, egg yolk, soy beans, walnuts, cabbage, etc
*doses >500 mg/d can cause peripheral neuropathy

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12
Q

B3

Niacin/nicotinaminde

A

Uses: hyperlipidemia, DM, migrains, schizo
organ meat, meat, peanuts, dairy, eggs, almonds, sunflower seeds
*may raise HDL, has SE of flush

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13
Q

Vitamin A

A

Uses: immune fxn, derm conditions eye conditions
Labs: serum retinol, LV Bx
Foods: fish liver oil, whole milk, butter

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14
Q

Beta carotene

A

PROMOTES LUNG CANCER IN SMOKERS - never supplement
Use: alcoholism, prevent CV dz
Foods: dark green, yellow, orange veggies and fruits

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15
Q

Biotin

A

Uses: DM, diabetic neuropathiy, seborrheic derm
CI: psoriasis

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16
Q

B1

Thiamin

A

Uses: alcoholism, neuro conditions, fibrocystic br dz

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17
Q

B2

Riboflavin

A

Uses: eye conditions (cataracts, mac degen), migraine prophylaxis, muscle cramps

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18
Q

B5

Pantothenic acid

A

Uses: hypoadrenalism, allergic rhinitis

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19
Q

Vitamin C

A

Uses: CA, immune stimulation, colds/flu, cv dz, atherosclerosis, allergies
Foods: primarily citrus and tomatoes
CI: dialysis
Can cause osmotic diarrhea and iron overload
*may interfere with stool fecal occult blood, hgb and urine glucose tests

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20
Q

Vitamin D

A

Uses: prevent osteoporosis, kidney-related bone issues, hypoparathyroidism, CA prophylaxis
Tox: over 10,000 IUs/day for prolonged periods, kiddos and infants can easily be OD’d

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21
Q

Vitamin E

A

Uses: atherosclerosis, PMS, CA, parkinsonism, Alxheimer’s
Foods: wheat germ, dark leafy greens, vegetable oils

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22
Q

Vit K

A

Uses: clotting DOs due to deficiency, osteoporosis
Foods: dark leafy greens
Labs: PT and INR

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23
Q

Boron

A

osteoporosis

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24
Q

Calcium

3 uses

A

Uses: allergies, osteoporosis, muscle cramps
Food: dairy, green leafs, sesame

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25
Q

Mg

A

Uses: HTN, asthma, migraine, constipation, restless legs

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26
Q

Chromium

Main use?

A

Uses: DM, functional hypoglycemia –> all things blood sugar regulation

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27
Q

Copper

Ratio with another mineral?

A

Uses: immunodepression, anemia, osteoporosis

Zn:Cu ratio should be 15-20:1

28
Q

Fluoride

Potential side effect?

A

Uses: dental caries

*May cause CNS damage

29
Q

Iodine

A

SSKI: COPD, CF, chronic sinusitis, fibrocystic breasts, post radiation exposure, thyrotoxicosis
Topical: vaginitis, preop disinfection
Tox: high intake can cause hypothyroidism and goiter

30
Q

Manganese

A

DM, ummunodepression, RA

31
Q

Molybdenum

A

sulfoxidation deficit assoc with athma

32
Q

Potassium

A

Uses: prevention of HTN and stroke, DM, postural HTN; also athletes, crohns, EDs, smokers, alcohol/drug users
Foods: nuts, fruits, all veggies

33
Q

Selenium

A

Uses: atherosclerosis, oxidative eye damage, CA, immune agent, hypothyroidism (helps with conversion of t4 to t3)
Foods: organ mats, seafood, nuts, garlic, brazil nut

34
Q

Silicon

A

Osteoporosis

35
Q

Sodium

A

CFS with hypotension, hypotension, dehydration

36
Q

Vanadium

A

DM

37
Q

Zinc

A

Uses: skin disease, immunodeficiency/support in infxns, tinnitus, Cu toxicity
Foods: oysters, beef and lamb, pumpkin and sunflower seeds

38
Q

GABA

A

Relaxation, anxiety, sleep

CI: bipolar

39
Q

Carnitine

A

HEART AND BRAIN
angina, cardiomyopathy, CHF, MI, atherosclerosis, intermittent claud, cataracts, neuropathy, alzheimers, depression in the elderly

40
Q

Choline

A

Brain

alcoholism, epilepsy, memory loss

41
Q

CoQ10/Ubiquinone

A

decreased endogenous production with statin use, cardiac arrhythmmias, cardiomyopathy, CHF, HTN

42
Q

DMAE

dimethylaminoethanol

A

Alzheimer’s tardive dyskinesia, ADHD
CI: epilepsy, BPD, KD and LV disorders
Food: anchovies, sardines

43
Q

DMSO

dimethyl sulfoxide

A

antiox, NSAID for injury, promotes healing

44
Q

flavonoids

A

Uses: inflamm, CV dz, oxidative dz (cataracts, mac degen, raynauds), allergies, DM, chronic V insufficiency

45
Q

glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate

A

OA

46
Q

glutathione

A

oxidative stress, liver dz, detoxification, AIDS, DM, cataracts
CI: asthma, sulfite allergy

47
Q

Indol-3-carbinol (I-3-C)

A

DIM
Uses: prevention of CA (Br and cervical)
Foods: cruciferous veggies

48
Q

Inositol

A

ARTERIES - atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, CM, peripheral vasc dz
Food: beef brain and heart, cantaloupe, citrus, molasses

49
Q

Myoinositol

A

PCOS

50
Q

Isoflavones

A

any estrogen-stimulated or dependent condition, incl menopause, fibroids, endometriosis
Foods: soy, most beans

51
Q

MSM

methylsulfonyl methane

A

skin, pain relief, anti-inflamm

52
Q

PABA

Para-amino benzoic acid

A

skin, scars, sunscreen

53
Q

Phosphatidylcholine

A

hepatoprotective, hypercholesterolemia, alzheimer’s

54
Q

Phosphatidylserine

A

BRAIN: age-related decline in brain fxn, early Alz and Parkinson’s, depression, stress

55
Q

Policosanol

A

hypercholesterolemia, PCOS

56
Q

Superoxide Dismutase

A

free-radical scavenger! anti-inflamm

57
Q

Amylase

A

carbohydrate catabolism

58
Q

Beta-galactosidase (lactase)

A

lactose intolerance

59
Q

HCl

A

betaine or glutamic HCl
hypo- or achlorhydria (MC seen in elderly, acne rosacea)
*excess = ulcer

60
Q

Lipase

A

fat malabsorption or GB removal

61
Q

Pancreatin

A

protein malabsorption

may have systemic anti-inflamm properties

62
Q

Papain/Bromelain

A

systemic use for inflamm (away from food)

63
Q

Pepsin

A

protein malabsorption

64
Q

Protease

A

Protein Malabsorption

65
Q

Iron

A

Use: Fe deficiency
Foods: meats of all kinds, kelp, legumes, dark leafy greens
CI: hemochromatosis
Interactions: tannins (coffee, black tea), phytates, antacids all decrease absorption
Vit C, HCl inc absorption

Natsumi - NPLEX 2 (37 decks)

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