Nucleotides MCDB108 A

Question 1

_____ _____ are polymers of nucleotides

Answer 1

nucleic acids

Question 2

nucleotides are made up of a ______, ______, ______

Answer 2

sugar, phosphate, base

Question 3

a ______ and a ______ distinguish RNA from DNA

Answer 3

hydroxyl, base

Question 4

nucleotides are always linked by a ____ phosphodiester bond

Answer 4

5-3

Question 5

dna is used for _____ of genetic information

Answer 5

storage

Question 6

rna is used for ______ transfer and catalysis

Answer 6

information

Question 7

DNA has ___ OH and RNA has ___ OH

Answer 7

1, 2

Question 8

the ribose in a nucleotide is _____ and has flexibility

Answer 8

nonplanar

Question 9

the c2 endo is favored for ______ and not for _____ due to steric clashing

Answer 9

DNA, RNA

Question 10

a nucleoside has no __________ _____

Answer 10

no phosphoryl groups

Question 11

in nucleic acids, phosphodiester bonds link the __ and ___ positions of he sugars forming the backbone

Answer 11

3, 5

Question 12

the backbone of a nucleic acid has a net ____ charge

Answer 12

negative

Question 13

nucleic acids have distinct ends and therefore have ______

Answer 13

direction

Question 14

DNA is metastable, the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond is thermodynamically ______ but not fast

Answer 14

favorable

Question 15

the 2’ OH in RNA can attack the phosphodiester bond making RNA ____ _____ than _____.

Answer 15

less stable, DNA

Question 16

assembly of DNA/RNA is driven by ______ the _____ of high energy compounds.

Answer 16

coupling, assembly

Question 17

the five bases consist of three _______ and two ______

Answer 17

pyrimidines, purines

Question 18

the backbone of a nucleic acid is _____ whereas its bases are ______

Answer 18

constant, varying

Question 19

_____ is the only base found only in RNA

Answer 19

uracil

Question 20

sugars (riboses) are linked to bases by _____ N-glycosidic bonds

Answer 20

beta

Question 21

nucleosides absorb in the uv centered around _____ nm

Answer 21

260

Question 22

nucleotides can be ______, which is observed in the cell and are useful like (mRNA vaccines, tRNA’s, epigenetic markers)

Answer 22

modified

Question 23

basepari complementarity ______ information for helix of _____ width.

Answer 23

encodes, constant

Question 24

purines must pair with ________.

Answer 24

pyrimidines

Question 25

basepairs are stabilized by ___________

Answer 25

hydrogen bonds

Question 26

there are ___ h bonds in A-T. there are ____ h bonds in G-C.

Answer 26

2, 3

Question 27

h bonding, base stacking, and hydrophobic effect _____ double helix.

Answer 27

favor

Question 28

charge repulsion between backbones cause ______ force on double helix. this is countered by ______.

Answer 28

opposing, salt