Nucleotides MCDB108 A Flashcards
_____ _____ are polymers of nucleotides
nucleic acids
nucleotides are made up of a ______, ______, ______
sugar, phosphate, base
a ______ and a ______ distinguish RNA from DNA
hydroxyl, base
nucleotides are always linked by a ____ phosphodiester bond
5-3
dna is used for _____ of genetic information
storage
rna is used for ______ transfer and catalysis
information
DNA has ___ OH and RNA has ___ OH
1, 2
the ribose in a nucleotide is _____ and has flexibility
nonplanar
the c2 endo is favored for ______ and not for _____ due to steric clashing
DNA, RNA
a nucleoside has no __________ _____
no phosphoryl groups
in nucleic acids, phosphodiester bonds link the __ and ___ positions of he sugars forming the backbone
3, 5
the backbone of a nucleic acid has a net ____ charge
negative
nucleic acids have distinct ends and therefore have ______
direction
DNA is metastable, the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond is thermodynamically ______ but not fast
favorable
the 2’ OH in RNA can attack the phosphodiester bond making RNA ____ _____ than _____.
less stable, DNA
assembly of DNA/RNA is driven by ______ the _____ of high energy compounds.
coupling, assembly
the five bases consist of three _______ and two ______
pyrimidines, purines
the backbone of a nucleic acid is _____ whereas its bases are ______
constant, varying
_____ is the only base found only in RNA
uracil
sugars (riboses) are linked to bases by _____ N-glycosidic bonds
beta
nucleosides absorb in the uv centered around _____ nm
260
nucleotides can be ______, which is observed in the cell and are useful like (mRNA vaccines, tRNA’s, epigenetic markers)
modified
basepari complementarity ______ information for helix of _____ width.
encodes, constant
purines must pair with ________.
pyrimidines
basepairs are stabilized by ___________
hydrogen bonds
there are ___ h bonds in A-T. there are ____ h bonds in G-C.
2, 3
h bonding, base stacking, and hydrophobic effect _____ double helix.
favor
charge repulsion between backbones cause ______ force on double helix. this is countered by ______.
opposing, salt
