Mono and Polysaccharides MCDB108 A Flashcards
sugars are metabolic _______ in energy conversion pathways
intermediates
energy storage molecules are _____ and _____
starch, glycogen
glycocalyx is a sugary coat that is partly _______ and partly ____
structural, signaling
chitin and cellulose provide _______ support
structural
sugars are common post translational modifications on proteins for _____, _____ and _____
signaling, stability, trafficking
there is no ______ code for sugars, it is specifed by variable __.
genetic, enzymes
monosaccharides have _____ carbon centers and are ______ active
chiral, optically
monosaccharides are ______ and can ______ by the nucleophilic _____ attacking the electrophilic _____
reactive, cyclize, hydroxyl, carbonyl
in cells sugars are found in their _______ form
cyclic
right side in fischer projection means ________ in haworth
down
pyranoses prefer _____ structure, furanose prefer ____
chair, envelope
monosaccharides are linked into poly by _______ bonds
glycosidic
reactions with alcohols form _________ bond
o glycosidic
reactions with amines from ______ bond
n glycosidic
monosaccharides polymerize through ________ bonds through a ______ reaction
o glycosidic, condensation
in the condensation reaction the _______ at the anomeric carbon attacks OH on another sugar and releases _____ to form the polysaccharide
hemi acetal, water
saccharides with hemiacetals are __________ sugars
reducing
one to one means _______ are linked
anomeric carbons
starch and glycogen are glucose polymers with primarly ______ linkages
alpha 1-4
amylose is _______ alpha 1-4
linear
amylopectin is the same as amylose but _______ branch points
alpha 1-6
glycogen is like starch but has more ____ branch points
alpha 1-6
amylose can form a _______ with ___ glucose per turn stabilized by h bonds
helix, six
advantages of alpha 1-6 crosslinking means there are many ________ ends, and have compact ______ without changing osmolarity
nonreducing, storage
metabolic enzymes mobilize glycogen from ________ end
nonreducing
reducing end is nonspecifically _______
reactive
structural polysacs can have __________ properties with _______ components
different, same
cellulose is found in ______ walls with _____ linkages. it allows tight packing, h bonding and excludes water.
plant, beta 1-4
the same properties that govern protein _______ dictate polysacchride structure
folding
properties of anomeric carbon and addition of side groups will make some conformations ________ than others generating long range order
more stable
