Lipids MCDB108 A

Question 1

______ are used for membrane barriers, energy storage, and signaling.

Answer 1

lipids

Question 2

lipids with polar head groups with greasy tails ________ in aqueous solutions to create ______.

Answer 2

self organize, structure

Question 3

_______ and ______ dictate properties in lipid membranes.

Answer 3

saturation, length

Question 4

lipid membranes are _______ barriers.

Answer 4

semipermeable

Question 5

lipid bilayers are ______ like.

Answer 5

fluid

Question 6

amphipathic lipids naturally form lipid ____ that are the basis of cellular membranes.

Answer 6

bilayers

Question 7

cells store neutral lipids in lipid ______ for energy. lipids store more energy per gram than sugar.

Answer 7

droplets

Question 8

sterols are the basis of ________ ______ like testosterone and estrogen.

Answer 8

steroid hormones

Question 9

lipid refers to any organic molecule that is _____ in water and _______ in nonpolar solvents.

Answer 9

insoluble, soluble

Question 10

_________ are the simplest lipid, and a constituent of more complex lipids. they consist of a _______ head and a ________ chain.

Answer 10

fatty acid, hydrophilic polar, hydrophobic hydrocarbon

Question 11

a _____ fatty acid has no double bonds while a _______ does have double bond.

Answer 11

saturated, unsaturated

Question 12

regular and ordered packing allow more ________ interactions and a _______ melting temperature.

Answer 12

intermolecular, higher

Question 13

____ hydrocarbon tails on a fatty acid ____ the melting temp due to increase in van der waals and interaction.

Answer 13

longer, increase

Question 14

decreasing _______ (more double bonds) decreases the melting point.

Answer 14

saturation

Question 15

triacylglycerols are three _______ groups bonded to _____ through ester bonds.

Answer 15

fatty acid, glycerol

Question 16

triacylglycerols are ______ lipids that are used for ________ storage and ______ insulation.

Answer 16

neutral, energy, thermal

Question 17

glycerophospholipids contain a ______, two _______ and glycerol. they can have a ____ head group

Answer 17

phosphate, fatty acid chains, variable

Question 18

sphingolipids have a sphingosine and _______.

Answer 18

one fatty acid

Question 19

biological membranes are built up of lipid _____ of different composition.

Answer 19

monolayers

Question 20

_____ are important component of lipid bilayers (cholestrol in animals, ergosterol in fungi)

Answer 20

sterols

Question 21

membrane formation is a ______ of the amphipathic nature of membrane lipids

Answer 21

consequence

Question 22

__________ interactions favor stacking of hydrocarbon tails which drive cooperative assembly of membrane lipids.

Answer 22

van der waals

Question 23

_________ interactions between polar headgroups and water drive cooperative assembly of membrane lipids.

Answer 23

electrostatic, h bond

Question 24

lipid bilayers __________ close to form a sealed compartment

Answer 24

spontaneously

Question 25

a large P (permeability coefficient) means it is _____ at diffusing through membranes. a small P means it is _____ at diffusing through membranes

Answer 25

good, bad