Non-Fermenting And Miscellanous Gram Negative Bacilli

Question 1

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters acidify Oxidation-Fermentation (OF) medium.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which medium is used for oxidation-fermentation reactions for non-fermenters?

Answer 2

Hugh-Leifson Medium

Question 3

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters will fail to acidify ONLY the tube which contains mineral oil in an OF reaction.

Answer 3

False

They will fail to acidify BOTH tubes

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters faily to acidify Triple Iron Sugar Agar (TSIA).

Answer 4

True

Question 5

A test that is used for carbohydrate utilization, wherein the tube contains a slanted and butt portion.

Answer 5

Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA)

Question 6

The Slanted portion in TSIA is used for __________.

Answer 6

Lactose and Sucrose Fermentation

Question 7

The Butt portion in TSIA is used for __________.

Answer 7

Glucose Fermentation

Question 8

What is the result when non-fermenters reacted in TSIA?

Answer 8

None

The medium will remain red (alkaline)

Question 9

Non-fermenters grow in ________ environment.

Answer 9

an aerobic

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE.
All non-fermenters are non-oxidizers or asaccharolytic.

Answer 10

False

Some members oxidize carbohydrates (oxiders)

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters are oxidase (+)

Answer 11

True

Question 12

The ONLY non-fermenter that is NON-MOTILE.

Answer 12

Burkholderia mallei

Question 13

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters are MOTILE

Answer 13

True

Except for B. mallei

Question 14

Optimum temperature range of Non-fermenters.

Answer 14

30-37 C

They are mesophilic

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters are thermophilic.

Answer 15

False

Mesophilic

Question 16

________ is the only species that is MacConkey Negative (-).

Answer 16

Acidovorax facilis

Question 17

________ are Catalase Positive (+).

Answer 17

Pseudomonas spp.

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE.
Generally, non-fermenters prefer a moist environment.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

TRUE OR FALSE.
Non-fermenters have an oxidase-positive reaction, and they all exhibit a strong reaction.

Answer 19

False

Their reaction can be weak and variable.

Question 20

Non-fermenters exhibit non-reactivity in ____ hours in commercial kit systems used for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae.

Answer 20

24

Question 21

Non-fermenters exhibit non-reactivity in 24 hours in commercial kit systems used for the identification of ____________.

Answer 21

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 22

Non-fermenters are resistant to a variety of antimicrobial agents such as ________.

Answer 22

• Aminoglycosides
• Cephalosporin
• Penicillin
• Fluoroquinolones

Question 23

New Name: Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Answer 23

Old Name: Achromobacter xylosoxidans var. xylosoxidans

Question 24

Old Name: Achromobacter xylosoxidans var. xylosoxidans

Answer 24

New Name: Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Question 25

**New Name:** *Achromobacter denitrificans*

Answer 25

**Old Name:** *Achromobacter xylosoxidans* var. *denitificans*

Question 26

**Old Name:** *Achromobacter xylosoxidans* var. *denitrificans*

Answer 26

**New Name:** *Achromobacter denitrificans*

Question 27

**New Name:** *Bergeyella zoohelcum*

Answer 27

**Old Name:** *Weeksella zoohelcum*

Question 28

**Old Name:** *Weeksella zoohelcum*

Answer 28

**New Name:** *Bergeyella zoohelcum*

Question 29

**New Name:** *Brevundimonas diminuta*

Answer 29

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas diminuta*

Question 30

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas diminuta*

Answer 30

**New Name:** *Brevundimonas diminuta*

Question 31

**New Name:** *Burkholderia mallei*

Answer 31

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas mallei*

Question 32

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas mallei*

Answer 32

**New Name:** *Burkholderia mallei*

Question 33

**New Name:** *Chryseobacterium gleum*

Answer 33

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium gleum*

Question 34

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium gleum*

Answer 34

**New Name:** *Chryseobacterium gleum*

Question 35

**New Name:** *Chryseobacterium indologenes*

Answer 35

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium indologenes*

Question 36

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium indologenes*

Answer 36

**New Name:** *Chryseobacterium indologenes*

Question 37

**New Name:** *Cupriavidus pauculus*

Answer 37

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia pauculus*

Question 38

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia pauculus*

Answer 38

**New Name:** *Cupriavidus pauculus*

Question 39

**New Name:** *Cupriavidus gilardi*

Answer 39

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia gilardi*

Question 40

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia gilardi*

Answer 40

**New Name:** *Cupriavidus gilardi*

Question 41

**New Name:** *Delftia acidovorans*

Answer 41

**Old Name:** *Comomonas acidovorans*

Question 42

**Old Name:** *Comomonas acidovorans*

Answer 42

**New Name:** *Delftia acidovorans*

Question 43

**New Name:** *Elizabethkingia meningoseptica*

Answer 43

**Old Name:** *Chryseobacterium meningoseptium*

Question 44

**Old Name:** *Chryseobacterium meningoseptium*

Answer 44

**New Name:** *Elizabethkingia meningoseptica*

Question 45

**New Name:** *Empedobacter brevis*

Answer 45

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium brevis*

Question 46

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium brevis*

Answer 46

**New Name:** *Empedobacter brevis*

Question 47

**New Name:** *Methylobacterium mesophilicum*

Answer 47

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas mesophilica*

Question 48

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas mesophilica*

Answer 48

**New Name:** *Methylobacterium mesophilicum*

Question 49

**New Name:** *Myroides odoratus*

Answer 49

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium odoratum*

Question 50

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium odoratum*

Answer 50

**New Name:** *Myroides odoratus*

Question 51

**New Name:** *Neisseria animaloris*

Answer 51

**Old Name:** CDC Group EF-4a

Question 52

**Old Name:** CDC Group EF-4a

Answer 52

**New Name:** *Neisseria animaloris*

Question 53

**New Name:** *Neisseria zoodegmatis*

Answer 53

**Old Name:** CDC Group EF-4b

Question 54

**Old Name:** CDC Group EF-4b

Answer 54

**New Name:** *Neisseria zoodegmatis*

Question 55

**New Name:** *Ochrobactrum anthropi*

Answer 55

**Old Name:** *Achromobacter* biovar. 1,2 or Vd-1

Question 56

**Old Name:** *Achromobacter* biovar. 1,2 or Vd-1

Answer 56

**New Name:** *Ochrobactrum anthropi*

Question 57

**New Name:** *Pandoraea* spp.

Answer 57

**Old Name:** CDC WO-2

Question 58

**Old Name:** CDC WO-2

Answer 58

**New Name:** *Pandoraea* spp.

Question 59

**New Name:** *Paracoccus yeei*

Answer 59

**Old Name:** CDC Group EO-2

Question 60

**Old Name:** CDC Group EO-2

Answer 60

**New Name:** *Paracoccus yeei*

Question 61

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas luteola*

Answer 61

**Old Name:** *Chryseomonas luteola*

Question 62

**Old Name:** *Chryseomonas luteola*

Answer 62

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas luteola*

Question 63

**New Name:** *Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus*

Answer 63

**Old Name:** *Moraxella phenylpyruvica*

Question 64

# [](http://) **Old Name:** *Moraxella phenylpyruvica*

Answer 64

**New Name:** *Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus*

Question 65

**New Name:** *Ralstonia mannitolilytica*

Answer 65

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia pickettii* biovar. 3/"*thomasii*"

Question 66

**Old Name:** *Ralstonia pickettii* biovar. 3/"*thomasii*"

Answer 66

**New Name:** *Ralstonia mannitolilytica*

Question 67

**New Name:** *Ralstonia pickettii*

Answer 67

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas pickettii*

Question 68

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas pickettii*

Answer 68

**New Name:** *Ralstonia picketti*

Question 69

**New Name:** *Rhizobium radiobacter*

Answer 69

**Old Name:** *Agrobacterium radiobacter*

Question 70

**Old Name:** *Agrobacterium radiobacter*

Answer 70

**New Name:** *Rhizobium radiobacter*

Question 71

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium multivorum*

Answer 71

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium multivorum*

Question 72

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium multivorum*

Answer 72

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium multivorum*

Question 73

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium mizutaii*

Answer 73

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium mizutaii*

Question 74

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium mizutaii*

Answer 74

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium mizutaii*

Question 75

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium spiritivorum*

Answer 75

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium spiritivorum*

Question 76

**Old Name:** *Flavobacterium spiritivorum*

Answer 76

**New Name:** *Sphingobacterium spiritivorum*

Question 77

**New Name:** *Sphingomonas paucimobilis*

Answer 77

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas paucimobilis* and CDC group II-k1

Question 78

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas paucimobilis* and CDC group IIk-1

Answer 78

**New Name:** *Sphingomonas paucimobilis*

Question 79

**New Name:** *Acidovorax delafieldii*

Answer 79

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas delafieldii*

Question 80

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas delafieldii*

Answer 80

**New Name:** *Acidovorax delafieldii*

Question 81

**New Name:** *Acidovorax facilis*

Answer 81

**Old Name:** -

Question 82

**New Name:** *Acidovorax temperans*

Answer 82

**Old Name:** -

Question 83

**New Name:** *Brevundimonas vesicularis*

Answer 83

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas vesicularis*

Question 84

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas vesicularis*

Answer 84

**New Name:** *Brevundinmonas vesicularis*

Question 85

**New Name:** *Burkholderia cepacia complex*

Answer 85

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas cepacia*

Question 86

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas cepacia*

Answer 86

**New Name:** *Burkholderia cepacia complex*

Question 87

**New Name:** *Burkholderia pseudomallei*

Answer 87

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas pseudomallei*

Question 88

**Old Name:** *Pseudomonas pseudomallei*

Answer 88

**New Name:** *Burkholderia pseudomallei*

Question 89

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Answer 89

**Old Name:** -

Question 90

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas fluorescens*

Answer 90

**Old Name:** -

Question 91

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas mendocina*

Answer 91

**Old Name:** -

Question 92

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas moteilii*

Answer 92

**Old Name:** -

Question 93

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Answer 93

**Old Name:** -

Question 94

**New Name:** *Pseudomonas veronii*

Answer 94

**Old Name:** -

Question 95

**New Name:** *Ralstonia insidiosa*

Answer 95

**Old Name:** CDC group IVc-2

Question 96

These are weak-fermenters that exhibit **yellow pigmentation**.

Answer 96

* *Elizabethkingia* spp. * *Chryseobacterium* spp.

Question 97

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Elizabethkingia* spp. and *Chryseobacterium* spp.

Answer 97

Yellow

Question 98

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Sphingomonas paucimobilis*

Answer 98

Yellow

Question 99

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Pseudomonas luteola*

Answer 99

Yellow

Question 100

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans*

Answer 100

Yellow

Question 101

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Sphingobacterium* spp.

Answer 101

Yellow

Question 102

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Answer 102

Yellow

Question 103

A bacterium which exhibits a light-yellow pigmentation and wrinkled colonies.

Answer 103

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 104

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Methylobacterium* spp.

Answer 104

Pink

Question 105

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Roseomonas* spp.

Answer 105

Pink

Question 106

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Acinetobacter* spp.

Answer 106

Purple (MacConkey Agar)

Question 107

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Answer 107

Blue-green

Question 108

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Chromobacterium violaceum*

Answer 108

Violet

Question 109

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*

Answer 109

Lavender to Lavender-green

Question 110

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Answer 110

Tan (occassionally)

Question 111

# **identifiy the color of the pigmentation** *Shewanella putrefaciens*

Answer 111

Tan (occassionally)

Question 112

Non-fermenters with **wrinkled colonies**

Answer 112

* *Pseudomonas stutzeri* * *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans* * *Burkholderia pseudomallei*

Question 113

Non-fermenters with **sweet odor**

Answer 113

* *Alcaligenes faecalis* * *Myroides odoratus* * *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* (grapes)

Question 114

Non-fermenter with a grape-like odor

Answer 114

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 115

Non-fermenters with **popcorn odor**

Answer 115

* CDC Group EO-4 * *Neisseria zoodegmatis*

Question 116

Non-fermenters that are **non-motile**

Answer 116

* *Acinetobacter* spp. * *Moraxella* spp. * *Chryseobacterium* spp. and *Elizabethkingia* spp. * *Sphingobacterium* spp. * *Oligella* spp.

Question 117

A non-fermenter that is not motile, but may glide.

Answer 117

*Sphingobacterium* spp.

Question 118

Non-fermenters that are **oxidase negative**

Answer 118

* *Acinetobacter* spp. * *Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* * *Pseudomonas luteola* * *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans* * *Pseudomonas cepacia*

Question 119

Non-fermenters that are **H2S positive**

Answer 119

*Shewanella putrefaciens*

Question 120

They are gram negative (-) bacilli or cocobacilli.

Answer 120

*Pseudomonas* spp.

Question 121

*Pseudomonas* spp. have a strictly ________ metabolism.

Answer 121

aerobic

Question 122

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Pseudomonas* spp. are **MOTILE**

Answer 122

True

Question 123

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Pseudomonas* spp. are **oxidase-positive.**

Answer 123

True (but not all) | **Except:** *P. luteola*, *P. oryzihabitans*, *P. cepacia*

Question 124

# ***Pseudomonas*** spp. **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 124

Positive (+)

Question 125

Are *Pseudomonas* spp. **catalase positive**?

Answer 125

Yes

Question 126

*Pseudomonas* spp. usually grow on ____ agar.

Answer 126

MAC

Question 127

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Pseudomonas* spp. are usually an oxidizer of carbohydrates.

Answer 127

True | But some species are asaccharolytic

Question 128

They are capable of producing water-soluble pigments, such as yellow-green pigments and blue pigments.

Answer 128

*Pseudomonas* spp.

Question 129

The **yellow-green** pigment produced by *Pseudomonas* spp. are called _________.

Answer 129

Pyoverdine

Question 130

The **blue pigment** produced by *Pseudomonas* spp. are called _________.

Answer 130

Pyocyanin

Question 131

The combination of the pigments pyocyanin and pyoverdine results to a ______ color.

Answer 131

Bright-green

Question 132

*Pseudomonas* **fluorescent** group

Answer 132

* *P. aeruginosa* * *P. fluorescens* * *P. putida* * *P. monteilii* * *P. veronii* * *P. mosselii*

Question 133

*Pseudomonas* **non-fluorescent** group

Answer 133

* *P. stutzeri* * *P. mendocina* * *P. alcaligenes* * *P. pseudoalcaligenes* * *P. luteola* * *P. oryzihabitans*

Question 134

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is non-motile and round-shaped.

Answer 134

False | **MOTILE and ROD-shaped**

Question 135

What is the aerotolerance of *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*?

Answer 135

Obligate Aerobe

Question 136

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is capable of producing a ________ or ________ odor.

Answer 136

sweet or grape-like or corn taco-like

Question 137

The odor produced by *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is due to the presence of __________.

Answer 137

2-aminoacetophenone

Question 138

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is capable of producing a non-fluorescent pigment called _________.

Answer 138

Pyocyanin

Question 139

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is capable of producing a fluorescent pigment called _________.

Answer 139

Pyoverdine

Question 140

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is not capable of producing dark red and brown-black pigments.

Answer 140

False

Question 141

The dark red pigment produced by *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is called _______.

Answer 141

Pyorubin

Question 142

The brown-black pigment produced by *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is called _______.

Answer 142

Pyomelanin

Question 143

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa* grows well at ________.

Answer 143

37 - 42 C

Question 144

________ grows well at 37 - 42 C.

Answer 144

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 145

The growth of *P. aeruginosa* at 42 C _________.

Answer 145

helps them to be differentiated among other *Pseudomonas* spp. and fluorescent group.

Question 146

The growth of *P. aeruginosa* at ____ helps them to be differentiated among other *Pseudomonas* spp. and fluorescent group.

Answer 146

42 C

Question 147

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. aeruginosa* can ferment carbohydrates.

Answer 147

False

Question 148

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. aeruginosa* is oxidase positive.

Answer 148

True

Question 149

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. aeruginosa* can oxidize glucose.

Answer 149

True

Question 150

________ is capable of denitrificating nitrates and nitrites.

Answer 150

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 151

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. aeruginosa* is Arginine dihydrolysis negative.

Answer 151

False | **ARGININE DIHYDROLYSIS POSITIVE**

Question 152

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. aeruginosa* exhibits citrate negativity.

Answer 152

False | **CITRATE POSITIVITY**

Question 153

________ is capable of acetamide utilization.

Answer 153

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 154

Which culture media is used for the identification of *P. aeruginosa*?

Answer 154

Cetrimide Agar

Question 155

Which is the type of agar is cetrimide agar according to function?

Answer 155

Selective and Differential

Question 156

The detergent inhibitor in cetrimide agar.

Answer 156

Cetrimide

Question 157

Cetrimide is a _________.

Answer 157

detergent inhibitor

Question 158

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Lipopolysaccharide **Function:** ?

Answer 158

Antiphagocytic activity, cytoxicity

Question 159

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Antiphagocytic activity, cytoxicity

Answer 159

Lipopolysaccharide

Question 160

________ is a virulence factor which is responsible for many endotoxic properties.

Answer 160

Lipopolysaccharide

Question 161

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Pili **Function:** ?

Answer 161

Adhesion

Question 162

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Adhesion

Answer 162

Pili

Question 163

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Flagella **Function:** ?

Answer 163

Motility, Adhesion

Question 164

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Motility, Adhesion

Answer 164

Flagella

Question 165

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Type III Secretion System **Function:** ?

Answer 165

Cytotoxic Activity

Question 166

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Cytotoxic Activity

Answer 166

Type III Secretion System

Question 167

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Phospholipases **Function:** ?

Answer 167

Cytotoxicity

Question 168

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Cytotoxicity

Answer 168

Phospholipases

Question 169

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Proteases **Function:** ?

Answer 169

Cytotoxicity, Proteolytic Actvity

Question 170

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Cytotoxicity, Proteolytic Activity

Answer 170

Proteases

Question 171

The most important virulence factor of *P. aeruginosa*

Answer 171

Exotoxin A

Question 172

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Exotoxin A **Function:** ?

Answer 172

Cytotoxicity, Blocks protein synthesis

Question 173

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Cytotoxicity, Blocks protein synthesis

Answer 173

Exotoxin A

Question 174

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** Capsule **Function:** ?

Answer 174

Antiphagocytic Activity

Question 175

# **Virulence Factors of *P. aeruginosa*** **Virulence Factor:** ? **Function:** Antiphagocytic Activity

Answer 175

Capsule

Question 176

Wounds and burns contaminated by *P. aeruginosa* contains a ______ pus.

Answer 176

blue-green colored

Question 177

It causes necrotizing pneumonia.

Answer 177

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 178

A chronic pneumonia

Answer 178

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 179

Cystic fibrosis is caused by __________.

Answer 179

*P. aeruginosa*

Question 180

It causes mild otitis externa in swimmers.

Answer 180

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 181

It causes invasive otitis externa in patients with diabetes.

Answer 181

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 182

It causes fatal sepsis in infants.

Answer 182

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 183

A clinical finding which has a presence of erythema or redness that usually does not contain pus.

Answer 183

Ecthyma Gangrenosum

Question 184

Ecthyma gangrenosum is caused by ______.

Answer 184

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 185

A clinical finding acquired from poorly chlorinated hot tubs and swimming pools.

Answer 185

Folliculitis

Question 186

Folliculitis is caused by _________.

Answer 186

*Pseudomonas aeruginosa*

Question 187

Treatment of choice for *P. aeruginosa*

Answer 187

* Piperacillin and ticarcillin * 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime and cefepime) * Carbapenems (except ertapenem) * Fluoroquinolones

Question 188

These can be isolated from respiratory specimens, contaminated blood products, urine, and other hospital equipment.

Answer 188

*Pseudomonas fluorescens* and *Pseudomonas putida*

Question 189

*Pseudomonas fluorescens* and *Pseudomonas putida* can grow at ______.

Answer 189

4 C

Question 190

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. fluorescens* and *P. putida* can reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas.

Answer 190

False

Question 191

__________ cannot reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas.

Answer 191

*Pseudomonas fluorescens* and *Pseudomonas putida*

Question 192

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. fluorescens* and *P. putida* can produce acid from glucose.

Answer 192

False | Produce acid from **XYLOSE**

Question 193

__________ can produce acid from xylose.

Answer 193

*Pseudomonas fluorescens* and *Pseudomonas putida*

Question 194

Which is used to differentiate *Pseudomonas fluorescens* from *Pseudomonas putida*?

Answer 194

Gelatin Hydrolysis

Question 195

Which is positive in gelatin hydrolysis?

Answer 195

*Pseudomonas fluorescens*

Question 196

Which is negative in gelatin hydrolysis?

Answer 196

*Pseudomonas putida*

Question 197

They are non-pigmented and non-hemolytic.

Answer 197

*Pseudomonas moselii*

Question 198

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mosselii* is positive for oxidase.

Answer 198

True

Question 199

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mosselii* is negative for catalase.

Answer 199

False

Question 200

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mosselii* is negative for ADH.

Answer 200

False

Question 201

The optimal growth of *P. mosselii* occurs at ______.

Answer 201

30 C

Question 202

They have wrinkled, leathery, and adherent colonies.

Answer 202

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 203

*P. stutzeri* exhibits a ______ or _____ pigment.

Answer 203

light-yellow or brown

Question 204

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. stutzeri* is ADH negative.

Answer 204

True

Question 205

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. stutzeri* is positive in starch hydrolysis.

Answer 205

True

Question 206

________ can grow in an anaerobic environment in nitrate-containing media.

Answer 206

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 207

_____ can cause septicemia.

Answer 207

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 208

_____ can cause meningitis in HIV-infected patients.

Answer 208

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 209

_____ can cause pneumonia especially in CF and ICP.

Answer 209

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 210

_____ can cause endocarditis.

Answer 210

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 211

_____ can cause post-surgical wound infections.

Answer 211

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 212

_____ can cause septic arthritis.

Answer 212

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 213

_____ can cause conjunctivitis.

Answer 213

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 214

_____ can cause UTIs.

Answer 214

*Pseudomonas stutzeri*

Question 215

They produce non-wrinkled, and flat colonies that may appear with a yellowish-brown pigment.

Answer 215

*Pseudomonas mendocina*

Question 216

*P. mendocina* exhibits a _____ and _____ appearance.

Answer 216

smooth and buttery

Question 217

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* is positive for ADH.

Answer 217

True

Question 218

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* is positive for oxidase.

Answer 218

True

Question 219

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* produces pyoverdine pigment.

Answer 219

False

Question 220

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* is positive for acetamide.

Answer 220

False

Question 221

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* is motile with a single polar flagella.

Answer 221

True

Question 222

*P. mendocina* oxidizes ____ and _____.

Answer 222

glucose and xylose

Question 223

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* is non-proteolytic.

Answer 223

True

Question 224

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. mendocina* hydrolyzes starch.

Answer 224

False

Question 225

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. alcaligenes* and *P. pseudoalcaligenes* are both oxidase negative.

Answer 225

False

Question 226

They are biochemically negative in many tests.

Answer 226

*Pseudomonas alcaligenes* and *Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes*

Question 227

They are considered as contaminants when isolated from clinical specimens.

Answer 227

*Pseudomonas alcaligenes* and *Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes*

Question 228

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. alcaligenes* and *P. pseudoalcaligenes* are not capable of growing on MAC agar.

Answer 228

False

Question 229

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. alcaligenes* and *P. pseudoalcaligenes* are motile with polar flagellum.

Answer 229

True

Question 230

_________ is ADH positive and will weakly ferment fructose.

Answer 230

*Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes*

Question 231

They are gram negative, non-fermentative, oxidase-negative bacilli.

Answer 231

*Pseudomonas luteola* and *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans*

Question 232

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* are catalase positive.

Answer 232

True

Question 233

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* are non-motile.

Answer 233

False

Question 234

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* can oxidize glucose.

Answer 234

True

Question 235

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* can grow on MAC agar.

Answer 235

True

Question 236

______ can produce an intracellular non-diffusible yellow pigment.

Answer 236

*Pseudomonas luteola* and *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans*

Question 237

______ can produce wrinkled or rough colonies at 48 hours.

Answer 237

*Pseudomonas luteola* and *Pseudomonas oryzihabitans*

Question 238

*P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* can produce ________ colonies at 48 hours.

Answer 238

wrinkled or rough

Question 239

*P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans* can produce wrinkled or rough colonies at ______.

Answer 239

48 hours

Question 240

These tests are used to differentiate *P. luteola* and *P. oryzihabitans*.

Answer 240

* O-nitrophenyl-β-galactopyranoside (ONPG) Test * Esculin Hydrolysis

Question 241

Which enzyme is being detected in ONPG test?

Answer 241

β-galactosidase

Question 242

β-galactosidase is present in _______.

Answer 242

Late Lactose Fermenters

Question 243

These are aerobic, catalase positive, and oxidase negative bacteria.

Answer 243

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 244

Aerotolerance of *Acinetobacter* spp.

Answer 244

Aerobic

Question 245

*Acinetobacter* spp. appear as ______ on smears.

Answer 245

diplococci

Question 246

_______ resemble *Neisseria* spp.

Answer 246

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 247

*Acinetobacter* spp. resemble __________.

Answer 247

*Neisseria* spp.

Question 248

*Acinetobacter* spp. grow best at ________.

Answer 248

35-37 C

Question 249

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Acinetobacter* spp. are anaerobic.

Answer 249

False

Question 250

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Acinetobacter* spp. are catalase positive.

Answer 250

True

Question 251

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Acinetobacter* spp. oxidase positive.

Answer 251

False

Question 252

# *Acinetobacter* spp. The most commonly isolated in clinical laboratories.

Answer 252

*Acinetobacter baumannii*

Question 253

# *Acinetobacter* spp. Glucose oxidizing, non-hemolytic strain

Answer 253

*Acinetobacter baumannii*

Question 254

# *Acinetobacter* spp. It is described to colonize the human skin and cause occasionally infections in ICP.

Answer 254

*Acinetobacter radioresistens*

Question 255

# *Acinetobacter* spp. Glucose-negative, non-hemolytic strain

Answer 255

*Acinetobacter lwoffii*

Question 256

They primarily affect patients with weakened immune systems and co-existing diseases.

Answer 256

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 257

________ causes tracheobronchitis.

Answer 257

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 258

________ causes cellulitis.

Answer 258

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 259

This can be acquired from the contamination of catheters, and introduction of foreign bodies.

Answer 259

Cellulitis

Question 260

It causes eye infections, such as endophtalmitis, conjunctivitis, and corneal ulcerations.

Answer 260

*Acinetobacter baumannii*

Question 261

Which bacteria can resist decolorization and retain the crystal violet stain?

Answer 261

*Acinetobacter* spp.

Question 262

Which bacteria exhibits a purplish hue on MAC agar?

Answer 262

*Acinetobacter* spp. | some species

Question 263

Which strain of *Acinetobacter* sp. is saccharolytic?

Answer 263

*Acinetobacter baumannii*

Question 264

Which strain of *Acinetobacter* sp. is asaccharolytic?

Answer 264

*Acinetobacter lwoffii*

Question 265

Is *A. baumannii* susceptible to the antibiotic carbapenem?

Answer 265

No | resistant

Question 266

CRAB stands for ______.

Answer 266

Carbapenem Resistant *Acinetobacter baumannii*

Question 267

Which antibiotic is *A. baumannii* susceptible to?

Answer 267

- Colistin - Tigecycline

Question 268

It is the third most common non-fermentative, gram-negative bacillus in the clinical laboratory.

Answer 268

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*

Question 269

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* colonies may appear _____ on MAC agar.

Answer 269

bluish

Question 270

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for catalase.

Answer 270

Positive

Question 271

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for DNAse.

Answer 271

Positive

Question 272

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for esculin.

Answer 272

Positive

Question 273

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for gelatin hydrolysis.

Answer 273

Positive

Question 274

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for lysine decarboxylase.

Answer 274

Positive

Question 275

It is characterized by a weak, slow, and positive oxidase reaction.

Answer 275

*Burkholderia cepacia complex*

Question 276

*Burkholderia cepacia complex* oxidizes glucose, but many will oxidize ________.

Answer 276

maltose, lactose, and mannitol

Question 277

*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia* is ______ for gelatin hydrolysis.

Answer 277

Positive

Question 278

# ***Burkholderia cepacia complex*** **Test:** Lysine decarboxylase **Result:**?

Answer 278

Positive (+)

Question 279

# ***Burkholderia cepacia complex*** **Test:** O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside **Result:**?

Answer 279

Positive (+)

Question 280

# ***Burkholderia cepacia complex*** **Test:** Ornithine decarboxylase **Result:**?

Answer 280

Negative (-)

Question 281

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Burkholderia cepacia complex* fail to reduce nitrate to nitrite.

Answer 281

True

Question 282

*B. cepacia complex* causes ______ in plants.

Answer 282

onion bulb rot

Question 283

*B. cepacia complex* causes ______ in humans.

Answer 283

foot rot

Question 284

The only non-motile bacteria among *Pseudomonas* spp.

Answer 284

*Burkholderia mallei*

Question 285

Describe the colonies of *B. mallei* on BAP

Answer 285

smooth, cream to white

Question 286

# **Burkholderia mallei** **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 286

Weakly Positive (+)

Question 287

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. mallei* can grow in 42 C

Answer 287

False

Question 288

What disease is caused by *B. mallei*?

Answer 288

Glander's Disease

Question 289

A respiratory tract zoonosis caused by *B. mallei*

Answer 289

Glander's Disease

Question 290

Glander's disease is an infectious disease of ______________.

Answer 290

horses, goats, sheeps, and donkeys

Question 291

It is the disseminated form of Glander's disease.

Answer 291

Farcy

Question 292

*B. mallei* is considered to be a _____________.

Answer 292

potential bioterrorism agent

Question 293

Describe the colonies of *B. pseudomallei* on BAP

Answer 293

Cream to tan wrinkled colonies

Question 294

# ***Burkholderia pseudomallei*** **Test:** ADH **Result:**?

Answer 294

Positive (+)

Question 295

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. pseudomallei* is highly oxidative

Answer 295

True

Question 296

Which disease is caused by *B. pseudomallei*?

Answer 296

Melioidosis

Question 297

Melioidosis is a ________ disease.

Answer 297

pulmonary

Question 298

A glanderslike disease which has a long latent period.

Answer 298

Melioidosis

Question 299

It is also called as the **"Vietnamese Time Bomb"**

Answer 299

Meliodosis

Question 300

Why was meliodosis called as the **"vietnamese time bomb"**?

Answer 300

Because the manifestation of symptoms takes years

Question 301

It produces a yellow pigment after 48-72 hours of incubation.

Answer 301

*Burkholderia gladioli*

Question 302

*B. gladioli* produces a ____ pigment after 48-72 hours of incubation.

Answer 302

yellow

Question 303

*B. gladioli* produces a yellow pigment after ________ of incubation.

Answer 303

48-72 hours

Question 304

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. gladioli* is motile by means of one polar flagella.

Answer 304

False | One or two polar flagella

Question 305

# ***Burkholderia gladioli*** **Test:** Catalase **Result:**?

Answer 305

Positive (+)

Question 306

# ***Burkholderia gladioli*** **Test:** Urease **Result:**?

Answer 306

Positive (+)

Question 307

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. gladioli* grows on MAC agar.

Answer 307

True

Question 308

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. gladioli* can oxidize glucose.

Answer 308

True

Question 309

# ***Burkholderia gladioli*** **Test:** Mannitol **Result:**?

Answer 309

Positive (+)

Question 310

# ***Burkholderia gladioli*** **Test:** Decarboxylase **Result:**?

Answer 310

Negative (-)

Question 311

# ***Burkholderia gladioli*** **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 311

Negative (-) | Some strains are **weakly positive (+)**

Question 312

They both can be found on water, and are usually resistant to disinfectants.

Answer 312

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp.

Question 313

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. can be found on ____.

Answer 313

water

Question 314

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. are usually resistant to ______.

Answer 314

disinfectants

Question 315

Aerotolerance of *Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp.

Answer 315

Obligate aerobes

Question 316

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. possess a _______ flagella.

Answer 316

peritichous

Question 317

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. produces a ______ odor.

Answer 317

fruity

Question 318

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. can cause a _______discoloration on SBA.

Answer 318

green

Question 319

They can cause a green discoloration on SBA.

Answer 319

*Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp.

Question 320

In terms of OF media, both *Achromobacter* spp. and *Alcaligenes* spp. are _______.

Answer 320

non-oxidative | They produce a deep blue color

Question 321

*B. diminuta* is motile, and posses a _____ polar flagella.

Answer 321

single

Question 322

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *B. diminuta* is capable of oxidizing glucose.

Answer 322

True

Question 323

# ***Brevundimonas diminuta*** **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 323

Positive (+)

Question 324

**TRUE OR FALSE.** Most strains of *B. diminuta* grow on SBA agar.

Answer 324

False | MAC agar

Question 325

*B. diminuta* is usually considered as ______.

Answer 325

contaminant

Question 326

A slender rod, with polar flagella.

Answer 326

*Brevundimonas vesicularis*

Question 327

Only about ____ of *B. diminuta* grows on MAC agar.

Answer 327

25%

Question 328

# ***Brevundimonas vesicularis*** **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 328

Positive (+)

Question 329

Most strains of _____ produce an orange intracellular pigment.

Answer 329

*Brevundimonas vesicularis*

Question 330

Most strains of *B. vesicularis* produce an ____ intracellular pigment.

Answer 330

orange

Question 331

*B. vesicularis* can oxidize _____ and ____.

Answer 331

glucose and maltose

Question 332

To differentiate *B. diminuta* from *B. vesicularis*, we can perform the _______.

Answer 332

Esculin Hydrolysis

Question 333

# ***Brevundimonas diminuta*** **Test:** Esculin hydrolysis **Result:**?

Answer 333

Rarely Positive (+)

Question 334

# ***Brevundimonas vesicularis*** **Test:** Esculin hydrolysis **Result:**?

Answer 334

Positive (+)

Question 335

EO stands for _____.

Answer 335

Eugonic Oxidizer

Question 336

# ***CDC GROUPS EO-3, EO-4, Paracoccus*** **Test:** Oxidase **Result:**?

Answer 336

Positive (+)

Question 337

**TRUE OR FALSE.** CDC Groups EO-3 and 4, and *Paracoccus* spp. are motile.

Answer 337

False | Non-motile

Question 338

**TRUE OR FALSE.** CDC Groups EO-3 and 4, and *Paracoccus* spp. are saccharolytic.

Answer 338

True

Question 339

**TRUE OR FALSE.** CDC Groups EO-3 and 4, and *Paracoccus* spp. are bacilli.

Answer 339

False | Coccobacilli

Question 340

**TRUE OR FALSE.** CDC Groups EO-3 and 4, and *Paracoccus* spp. grow weakly on MAC agar.

Answer 340

True

Question 341

CDC Groups EO-3 and 4, and *Paracoccus* spp. can all oxidize _____ and _____.

Answer 341

glucose and xylose

Question 342

____ and ____ isolates have a yellow, non-diffusible pigment.

Answer 342

EO-3 and EO-4

Question 343

Aerotolerance of *Chromobacterium violaceum*

Answer 343

Facultative Anaerobe

Question 344

What do you call the violet pigment produced by *Chromobacterium violaceum*?

Answer 344

Violacein

Question 345

Straight to slightly curved rods

Answer 345

*Comamonas* spp. and *Delftia* spp.

Question 346

They are motile by means of multitrichous flagella.

Answer 346

*Comamonas* spp. and *Delftia* spp.

Question 347

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Comamonas* spp. and *Delftia* spp. produce alkalinity in OF media.

Answer 347

True

Question 348

**TRUE OR FALSE.** *Comamonas* spp. and *Delftia* spp. cannot reduce nitrate to nitrite.

Answer 348

False

Question 349

They cause nosocomial bacteremia.

Answer 349

*Comamonas testosteroni* and *Comamonas terrigena*

Question 350

It is associated with keratitis in soft contact lens wearers.

Answer 350

*Delftia acidovorans*

Question 351

It is associated with catheter-related bacteremia.

Answer 351

*Delftia tsuruhatensis*

Question 352

All members of the Family Flavobacteriaceae are non-motile EXCEPT ______.

Answer 352

*Balneatrix alpica*

Question 353

Flavobacteriaceae exhibits a ________ discoloration of the agar on media with blood.

Answer 353

Lavender-green

Question 354

A family of bacteria which exhibits a fruity odor.

Answer 354

Flavobacteriaceae