Nodular Dermatoses Flashcards
What diagnostics approach should you use to nodules ?
Cytology - FNA of nodule and regional lymph node
Impression smear — any discharge or ulcerated lesion
Biopsy
Culture may be indicated based on cytology
What is the differential diagnosis for nodules?
Inflammatory
- infectious
- sterile nodular disease
- cysts
Neoplasia
- benign
- malignant
What is the dog of papillomatosis?
Papilloma virus or idiopathic
Viral: lesions can be transmitted
Signalment associated with papillomatosis?
Young or immunosuppressed
Cutaneous: usually solitary; smooth to papilliferous
Inverted papilloma
Pigmented plaque
What is the DDX for papillomatosis?
Neoplasia Collageous nevi Granulation tissue Eosinophilic granuloma Inclusion cyst
What is the treatment for papilloma
Some progress
Crushing
Laser or cryotherapy
Azithromycin: 3 wks course
Topical imiquimod - prevents licking
Interferon
Surgically excise a persistent or compromising lesions
What are causes of nodular panniculitis or steatitis?
Infectious
Non-infectous
- vaccine
- trauma
- foreign body
- nutritional deficiency
- pancreatic dz
- immune mediated disease
- idiopathic
maker of systemic disease
Most common location for nodular panniculitis or steatitis?
Dorsal trunk, neck, and prox limbs
Treatment for a sterile pyogranuloma?
Corticosteroid
Tetracycline + niacinamide
Azathioprine
Cyclosporine A
What are the forms of histocytic proliferative diseases?
Histiocytoma Cutaneous histiocytosis Systemic histocytosis Malignant histocytosis Histocytic sarcoma
How does a hitocytoma appear? How can you diagnose?
Round, alopecic red
Grows fast (days to weeks, remains that size)
Aspiration cytology is often diagnostic
Will regress over a few weeks
What is feline proliferative histiocytosis? Where is it generally locate?
Single to multiple, firm papules, nodules, plaques.
Non-pruritic
Legs, feet, face
No treatment helpful
What is nodular dermatofibrosis? What breed is it most common in?
Multiple cutneaous nodules of mature collagen hyperplasia
GSD (3-7yrs)
T/F: nodular dermatofibrosis is secondary to underlying disease
True
- has been associated with bilateral renal cysts, cystadenomas, and cystadenocarcinomas
Clinical signs of juvenile cellulitis?
Looks lie pyoderma pulsates
Swelling of face, submandibular
Lips, muzzle, and eyelids
Non-cutaneous signs
- lethargy, pyrexia, anorexia
- 25% have suppurative arthritis
What are key rule outs for juvenile cellulitis AKA puppy strangles?
Demodex
Deep bacterial pyoderma
Angioedema
Diagnosis of juvenile cellulitis ?
Cytology: pyogranulomtous
Biopsy: (pyo)granulomatous dermatitis/cellulitis, no infectious organisms
Culture- sterile
What is the treatment for juvenile cellulitis ? Prognosis ?
Topical - remove crust
Systemic
- pred (every 24hrs until remission then EOD for 2-3weeks)
- prophylactic antibiotic
Good if treated early, avoids scarring
When does a cyst develop?
When a hair follicle or skin pore gets blocked by dirt, debris, scar tissue, or infection
T/F: both sebaceous cysts should be manually expressed?
False
Manual expression of keratin cysts can cause subepidermal rupture and subsequent furunculosis
Treatment of sebaceous cysts?
Excision is curative
Prevention: benzoyl peroxide shampoo
Retinoids therapy
T/f: Lipomas should be removed surgically?
Kinda false, kinda true
They are benign but if they start to grow, they can be surgically removed
What is diagnostic for lipoma?
Aspiration cytology
Clinical signs of fly bite dermatitis?
Biting flys: tips of ears- erythema, bleeding, oozing, crusting
Tumbu flies: tail base, ventral abdomen - painful, reddened nodule
What species of fly causes a maggot infestation, forms nodules on the skin with a well circumscribed hole in center?
Cobylobia anthrophaga (tumbu/mango fly)
Treatment fo myiasis?
Topical fly repellants
If maggots
- clip and clean
- flush out maggots
- adjunct ivermectin
Tumbu flies
- cover breaking holes with Vaseline (die)
- squeeze out if problematic
