Immune Mediated Skin Disorders Flashcards
How common are immune mediated skin disorders?
- 4% of canine skin disorders
1. 3% of feline skin disorders
Generally what the the main diagnostic methods for immune-mediated skins disorders?
Histopathology
Multiple biopsy- most represented regions
Immunohistochemistry may be required
Most common treatment for immune -mediated skin disorders
Immunosuppressive drugs
- glucocorticoids
- cyclosporine A
What is pemphigus complex?
Vesiculobulbous to pustular disorders of the skin or mucous membranes - characterized by acantholyisis (loss of cohesion between keratinocytes)
What is the difference between pemphigus erythematosus and pemphigus foliacious?
PE is the benign form of PF
What can aggravate the pemphigus erythematous lesions
UV light
Clinical signs of pemphigus erythematosus ?
Erythema, pustular dermatitis —> of the face and ears
Primary lesions are transient and lead to oozing crust, scale, alopecia, and erosion bordered by epidermal collerette
Nose typically depigments
DDX for Erythema, pustular dermatitis —> of the face and ears
Primary lesions are transient and lead to oozing crust, scale, alopecia, and erosion bordered by epidermal collerette
Nose typically depigments
Pemphigus erythematous Facial pemphigus foliaceus Discid lupus erythematosuss Systemic lupus erythematosus Dermatomyosititis Drug rxn Leishmaniasis Zinc responsive dermatitis Bacterial folliculitis Dermatophytosis Demodecosis
Treatment for pemphigus erythematous
Sun avoidance
Topical glucocorticoids or cyclosporine
If not affective, add Vit E and give oral corticosteroids
What is the most common immune-mediated skin condition?
Pemphigus foliacious
What is the major antigen in pemphigus foliaceus?
Desmogelin 1 - adhesion molecule
Mean onset of pemphigus foliaceous?
4yrs
—> spontaneous, secondary to drugs or chronic skin conditions
Clinical signs of pemphigus foliaceous?
Pustular dermatitis
And crusting
Start of face and fears
Commonly involve feet, clawbed, footpad, and groin
Scale, alopecia, erosion, bordered by epidermal collerettes
Nasal depigmentation is common
How would you confirm a suspected case of pemphigus foliaceous?
Histology and clincial signs
Skin biopsy- histopath wth immunofluorecence
How would you treat pemphigus foliaceous?
Topical corticosteroids or cyclosporine
More extensive - pred at immunosuppressive does
Cats may require chlorambucil
Dog may require azathioprine
What is the antigen in pemphigus vulgaris?
Desmoglein 3