Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM SAM 2 > GI Tract Tumors > Flashcards

GI Tract Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: oral tumors are most often seen in male dogs

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What breeds of doggo are predisposed to oral tumors?

A 
Boxers 
GSD 
Goldens 
Cockers
Miniature poodles
German short haired pointer 
Gordon setter 
Chow 
Weimaraner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the usual presentation for oral tumors?

A

Oral bleeding
Difficulty bleeding
Halitosis

Anorexia, weight loss, loose or displace teeth, ptyalism, facial deformity, and/or nasal discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

DDX for oral tumors in dogs

A

Melanoma
SCC
Fibrosarcoma

Other malignancies like OSA
Benign variants - odontogenic tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

DDX for oral tumors in cats

A

SCC

Fibrosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the best way to sample an oral tumor?

A

Incisional biopsy

-> shave biopsy preferred in proliferative = Blade 1cm piece then tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F: Radiographs are good for determining extent of lysis in oral tumors

A

False

Cross-sectional imaging preferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the usually sentinel LN for oral tumors ?

A

Mandibular, parotid, and medial retropharygneal

LN draining the tumor was NOT the regional lymph node - only 55% go to mandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F: oral melanomas are usually benign

A

FALSE

Highly malignant — 80% of cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you stage an oral melanoma?

A

Abdominal US

Full body CT for surgery planning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fibrosarcoma are most commonly seen with what signalment>?

A 
Large breed (golden and lab) 
Younger (7-8yrs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: fibrosarcoma are usually benign

A

FALSE

Locally invasive
Histologically low grade but biologically high grade variant

—> if your biopsy comes back as fibroma DO NOT believe it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference in how oral SCC appear in cats vs dogs?

A

Dog- locally invasive, low rate of met

Cat- locally invasive, low met, prefers sublingual site, increased expression of PTHrp -> increased reabsorption of bone and hypercalcemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are risk factors for oral SCC in cats?

A

Flea collar usage
Smoke exposure
Excessive canned food (esp tuna)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Odontogenic tumors raised from what tissue?

A

Periodontal ligament and often appear similar to gingival hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of odontogenic tumor is locally invasive but does not metastasize? How would it be treated?

A

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Very aggressive surgery to control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most common site for acanthomatous ameloblastomas?

A

Rostral mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What odontogenic tumor is seen in dogs, slow growing and benign? What would be the treatment?

A

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma

Surgical excision ideal but can watching and wait IF bx confirmed
Cryotherapy works well if <1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What odontogenic tumors is unique to young cats and has raided submucosal soft masses? How would it be treated?

A

Feline inductive odontogenic tumor

Locally invasive = aggressive local resection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the gold standard treatment for oral tumors?

A

Aggressive surgical excision
- almost always have bone involvement

2cm margin for malignancies
1cm for acanthomatous ameloblastoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What oral tumors are responsive to radiation therapy?

A

SCC
Melanoma
Acanthomatous ameloblastoma
FSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F: melanoma has a good prognosis when treated with chemo?

A

FALSE

Not chemo responsive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are POSITIVE prognostic indicators for oral tumors?

A

Smaller —> less chance or recurrence

Rostral location - tumor related death 5x more likely with tumor caudal to K9 teeth

Histologically complete resection

No evidence of perioperative Mets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

T/F: esophageal tumors are rare in cats and dogs

A

Truth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Etiology of esophageal tumors?

A

Spirocera lupi -> granuloma —> convert to malignancy (sarcoma).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How do animals get infected with spirocera?

A

Eat coprophagous beetle

27
Q

Common presenting complaint with esophageal tumors ?

A

Weight loss
Regurgitation
Vomiting
Dysphagia

Signs of esophageal partial obstruction/stricture (secondary aspiration pneumonia)

28
Q

What is the DDX for esophageal tumors?

A

SCC
Leiomyosarcoma

FSA, OSA

29
Q

Esophageal tumors appear how on rads?

A

Dilation proximal to tumors

Stricture/mass effect

30
Q

What is the ideal method of imaging for esophageal tumors?

A

Esophagoscopy —> can get biopsy

smooth mm based tumor —> mucosa looks normal

31
Q

What is the preferred treatment for esophageal tumors?

A

Surgery

Best chance is with low grade leiomyosarcoma

32
Q

Prognosis of esophageal tumors?

A

Generally poor

Benign lesions and low grade leiomyosarcoma do well with tax

If mass is secondary to SLupi granuloma -> tx with doramectin to response

33
Q

What breeds are generically predisposed to gastric tumors?

A

Belgian shepherds and chows

Beagles = benign (more commonly get leiomyoma)

34
Q

T/F: most gastric tumors are asymptomatic

A

True

  • until they become large enough to effect outflow
  • > anorexia is most common
  • > hematemesis
35
Q

DDX for gastric tumor in dog?

A

ADENOCARCINOMA

Leiomyosarcoma

36
Q

DDX for cats with gastric tumors?

A

Lymphoma

37
Q

What tumor type has a preference for pyloric antrum/lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

Gastric adenocarcinoma

- often scirrous (firm/white on serosal surface)

38
Q

T/f: gastric adenocarcinoma has a high metastatic rate

A

True

-74%

39
Q

What work up will you do in a gastric tumor case?

A

Non specific lab findings

  • anemia if ulcerated/bleeding
  • elevated T.bili

Positive contrast gastrogram
-filling defects, decrease gastric emptying, loss of normal rural folds, mucosal thickening

Abdominal u/s
-mural thickening with loss of normal wall and diminished to absent local motility

U/S guided FNA/cytology
-peri-tumors inflammation can interfere

R/O LSA —> may not be surgical

Endoscopy —> biopsy and assess respectability

40
Q

When doing endoscopy for gastric tumors, ______________ are usually well circumscribed submucosal masss in the cardia, and _________ are usually extensive, ulcerated, in the pyloris

A

Leiomyosarcoma; adenocarcinoma

41
Q

What is the treatment recommended for gastric tumors ?

A

Surgical excision
—> partial gastrectomy or gastroduodenosomty/jejunostomy
—> Billroth II or complete gastrectomy are extensive with high morbidity and low survival

Enlarged peri-gastic LN removed for staging

42
Q

What is the prognosis for gastric ACA?

A

Prognosis = poor with majority dead in 6months due to either recurrent or metastatic dz
—> in no Mets and respectable than lengthy survival is possible

43
Q

What is the prognosis for gastric LSA?

A

Doesn’t respond as well to chemo

If solitary lesions can resect

44
Q

What is the prognosis for gastric leiomyosarcoma?

A

MST: 12-21months

54% met rate but not a poor prognostic factor

45
Q

Breed predisposition to intestinal tumors ?

A

Collie and GSD

Males >female
Older dogs

46
Q

T/F: large intestinal tumors are more common in cats than dogs?

A

False

Cats: small intestinal tumors&raquo_space;> large intestine

Dogs: large intestinal tumors&raquo_space;> small intestine

47
Q

Clinical signs associated with intestinal tumors?

A

Anorexia
Vomiting
Diarrhea

48
Q

Work up and staging for intestinal tumors??

A

Endoscope doest allow jejunum and proximal ileum

US FNA/cytology -> high diagnostic accuracy
R/O LSA which is not surgical unless solitary mass or causing obstrucion

Assess LN carefully with US and do FNA

49
Q

DDX for Canine intestinal tumors

A

LSA
ACA
leiomyosarcoma

50
Q

DDX for intestinal tumors in cats?

A

LSA
ACA
MCT

51
Q

Treatment for intestinal tumors?

A

Exploratory laparotomy with surgical excision

Margin procurement = 4-8cm
Mesenteric and regional LS should be assessed, resected or aspirated

52
Q

Majority of LSA in dogs are of __cell origin

A

T-cell

53
Q

What is the prognosis for LSA in dogs?

A

MST= 77days

Remission rate 56%

54
Q

What are negative prognostic indicators for intestinal LSA in dog?

A

Dogs that failed to achieve a remission

Diarrhea at initial presentation

55
Q

What is the prognosis for intestinal LSA in cats?/

A

MST = 201-280days

Reponse rate is 60-87%

56
Q

Are intestinal ACA more likely to me metastatic in cats or dogs?

A

Cats - 72% metastatic at diagnosis (MST = 5-15months with surgery)

Dog 44% (MST = 300days)

57
Q

Negative prognostic indicator for ACA in dogs?

A

Female

58
Q

Negative prognostic factor for ACA in cats?

A

Histologically subtype and Mets

Tubular ACA (11months) vs undifferentated/mucinious (4months)

LN Mets (12months vs 15 months if not)

Ometal mets (4.5months vs 28months ifnot)

59
Q

What is the prognosis for gastric MCT in cats vs dogs?

A

Cat - poor prognosis unless solitary mass without mets, can have prolonged survival

Dog - 100% met rate, bad dz with MST=16ddays

60
Q

Prognosis for leiomyosarcoma in dog vs cats?

A

Dog MST - 8months after surgical resection

Cats - very uncommon, no survival data

61
Q

What is a gastrointestinal stromal tumor?

A

Leiomyosarcoma with more than smooth muscle

Primarily originate form interstitial cells of Cajal = pacemaker cells of the GI tract
-express C-kit

62
Q

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors have a predilection for what site?

A

Cecum

63
Q

Prognosis for gastrointestinal stromal tumors?

A

MST 11.6months IF they survive post op

They usually die of septic peritonitis b/c masses rupture before diagnosis

RUSVM SAM 2 (44 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions