Crusting Skin Diseases Flashcards
What are the primary keratinization disorders?
Zinc responsive dermatosis Sebaceous adentitis Primary idiopathic seborrhea (vit A resp) Schauzers comedo syndrome Ear margin dermatosis
What do you call dry skin with white to grey flakes or scales?
Seborrhea sicca
What do you call oily, greasy skin/ haircoat, of the with rancid odor, sticky, or yellow scales?
Seborrhea oleosa
T/F: seborrhea, crust, and scale are usually secondary to another process
True
What are the two types of zinc responsive dermatosis?
Syndrome 1
- decreased capacity to absorb zinc from intestines
Syndrome 2
- dietary deficiency (rare)
Clinical signs of zinc responsive dermatosis
Pruritus and scales/crusts
- mouth, chin, eyes, ears
- elbow, pressure points
- scrotum, prepuce, vulva
Hyperkeratotic footpads
What is the treatment for zinc-responsive dermatosis??
Oral zinc usually required for life
Fatty acids: omega 3 and 6
Short term, low dose glucocorticoids
Treat secondary infection if present
Use keratolytic shampoos
Sebaceous adenitis is most commonly seen in what breeds?
Poodle, akitas, vizslas, samoyeds, and Belgium shepherds
Clinical signs of sebaceous adenitits?
Bilaterally symmetrical - prominent on face, head, pinnae, and trunk
Follicular casts
Ceruminous otitis externa
Some dogs have rat tail
Generally non-pruritic
Cats have multifocal annular lesions of scale, crust, broken hairs, hair cats, and alopecia
DDX for follicular casts?
Sebaceous adenitis Staphylococcal folliculitis Demodecosis Dermatophytosis Keratinization defect Follicular dysplasia Endocrinopathies
Treatment of adenitis
Keratinolytic shampoos
Omega 3/6 fatty acids
Retinoids
Cyclosporine if retinoids fail
How can you diagnose primary idiopathic seborrhea?
Exclude all other causes of seborrhea, scale, crust
Eliminate secondary factors (pyoderma, malassezia, dermatophytes, mites)
Treatment of primary idiopathic seborrhea?
Oral vit A —inhibit sebum production — decreases keratin proliferation — stimulates humoral and cellular immunity —anti-inflammatory
Shampoos
What type of shampoo would you use with a primary idiopathic seborrhea with dry skin/haircoat ?
Use moisturizing Hampton — chlorhexiderm, allergroom, epi-soothe, etc
Emollient to coat with lipid
— humectant will draw water into epidemics from dermis (humiliation or hydra-pearls)
What type of shampoo would you use with a primary idiopathic seborrhea with oily skin/haircoat ?
Degreaser
— sebalyt, sebbafon, oxydex, selsun blue
What is a inherited dysplasia of the hair follicle resulting in the formation comedones (blackheads)0 on the back
Schnauzer comedo syndrome
What lesions do you see in schnauzer comedo syndrome?
Secondary folliculitis and furunculosis
How can you treat schauzers comedo syndrome?
Can’t be cured
Regular antiseptic and anti-seborrhea shampoo
Humectants after shampoo
Topical benzoyl peroxide gel
Isotretinoin
What is ear margin dermatosis?
Scaly condition of ear margins
Follicular casts and partial alopecia
Many affected breeds have pendulous ears
Who is the poster child for ear margin dermatosis
Dachshund
What is the RX for ear margin dermatosis?
Moisturizing agents
Topical sulfur salicylic acid shampoo
Topical glucocorticoids
For complicated case: pentoxifylline
What are the underlying causes of superficial necrolytic dermatitis (SND)
Hypoaminoacidemai Diabetes mellitus Chronic liver disease Phenobarbital hepatotoxicity Pancreatic glucagonoma (rare)
What is the signalment of superficial necrolytic dermatitis? What is the most common locations ?
Mean age 10yrs
Smaller breeds most often
Onset of skin disease BEFORE clinical signs of hepatic/pancreatic disease
Footpads 100% involved
Mucocutaenous junctions involved in about 50%
Legs, hocks, elbow, ear pinna
How does superficial necrolytic dermatitis?
Hyperkeratotic, crusty, cracking footpads
Erythema, scaling, crusting, erosive
Distal limbs, mouth, eyes, ear pinnae, elbow, hock, genitalia, ventral area, oral cavity
Secondary bacterial or yeast infections
