Nichols Last Minute 1: Placenta, Spontaneous Abortion, Acute Abdomen

Question 1

membranous sac surrounding
fetus containing serous fluid essential
for fetal development

Answer 1

Amnion

Question 2

Temporary organ that acts as lungs and kidneys for fetus

Answer 2

Placenta

Question 3

Plate under amniotic sac containing vessels that branch into maternal blood

Answer 3

Chorion

Question 4

Outer layer of blastocyst than implants in placenta

Answer 4

Trophoblast

Question 5

OUter layer of placenta that peels off with placenta

Answer 5

Decidua

Question 6

Covers chorionic villi to mimimize diffusion barrier

Answer 6

Syncytiotrophoblast

Question 7

What stage Chorionic villi covered in two layers: chorion and syncytio

Answer 7

First trimester

Question 8

What stage has villi with more vessels, less interstitial, thinner trophoblast covering?

Answer 8

Third trimester

Question 9

What are the causes of spontaneous abortion in each trimester?

Answer 9

First: genetic
Second: infectious
Third: vascular (preeclampsia)

Question 10

Most common cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion?

Answer 10

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 11

Placenta accrete, increta, percreta is due to what error?

Answer 11

Defective decidua

Question 12

Avergae diagnosis of hydatiform mole?

Answer 12

8.5 weeks

Question 13

What are the types of twin placentas?

Answer 13

Di Di
Di Di fused
Mono Di (TEST? monozygous for sure)
Mono Mono

Question 14

What is twin twin transfusion syndrome?

Answer 14

Unbalanced vascular anastomosis in Mono mono placentas of twins

Question 15

What transplacental infection causes microcephaly, rash, fever, seizure?

Answer 15

Toxoplasmosis

Question 16

What transplacental infection causes deafness, neuro error, CARDIAC, etc ?

Answer 16

Rubella (german measles)

Question 17

What transplacental infection is the most common, causing deafness and neuro errors?

Answer 17

Cytomegalovirus

Question 18

Herpes mom is delivered how?

Answer 18

C section

Question 19

What is funisitis?

Answer 19

Exudate and congestion of cord

Question 20

What is infection of amniotic sac in PROM?

Answer 20

Chorionic amnionitis

Question 21

What is a dire consequence of chorionic amnionitis?

Answer 21

Fetal vasculitis and thrombosis of cord

Question 22

Histology of amnionitis?

Answer 22

Sloughing of amniotic epithelium

Thrombi

Question 23

Top five causes of acute abdomen in pregnancy?

Answer 23

1. Ruptured ectopic
2. corpus luteum rupture and bleed
3. PID
4. appendicitis
5. ovarian torsion

Question 24

When is appendicitis more likely to happen in pregnancy?

Answer 24

2nd trimester

Question 25

What is volvulus?

Answer 25

Twisting of colonic segment on its mesentery causing obstruction, dilatation, ischemia

Question 26

What is diverticula?

Answer 26

Outpouching of wall of colon, common in elderly

Question 27

Does pregnancy cause bandemia?

Answer 27

NO! but may cause: leuko up to 14k leuko up to 30k with labor