Histology of Female OB and Breast: Nichols Flashcards
What are fragmented glands and stroma with degenerating blood indicative of?
Menstrual endometrium
What are the ant like cells in the menstrual endometrium? Why are they there? Why are they important?
x
What phase histology of straight glands line with pseudo stratified epithelium and stroma with spindle shape indicative of?
Proliferative endometrium: Early straight glands PSSCE Spindle stroma
What phase is prominent basal cytoplasmic vacuoles and glands indicative of?
Early secretory endometrium:
When does early secretory endometrium form?
36-48 hours post ovulation
What is histological evidence that ovulation has occurred?
Prominent basal cytoplasmic vacuoles:
Early secretory endometrium
What phase is tortuous dilated glands containing secretions seen in?
Secretory phase
Has the oocyte in the primordial follicle completed meiosis? Primary follicle?
No… stuck in Prophase I
What does the primary follicle have that the primordial follicles do not have?
Antrum Stratum granulosum Zona Pellucida Theca: externa and interna Cumulus ooporus
Where do androgens converted by granulosa cells come from?
Thecal cells
What stimulates granulosa cells to convert androgens to estradiol? By what enzyme?
FSH
Aromatase: during proliferative phase
What happens to granulosa cells after ovulation?
Become granulosa lutein cells Produce progesterone (instead of estrogen)
How would a granulosa cell tumor manifest in child? adult? after menopause?
x
What color is corpus luteum? corpora albicantia?
Luteum= yellow=fat
Albicantia=white=????
What happens to corpus luteum if fertilization occurs? If no fertilization?
Fertilized? hCG keeps it alive: progesterone: no menstruation
Not? it dies… menstruation
What is common with involution of corpus luteum?
Hemorhage
What is a single layer of modified peritoneal mesothelial cells overlying stroma of spindle shaped cells on top of ovary?
Ovary serosa
Why are 70% of ovarian tumors and 90% of malignant ovarian tumors from the serial surface?
xxx
Why is the uterus not made of striated skeletal type muscle?
must stretch and adapt to pregnancy!
What has a ciliated papillary epithelium and muscular wall in OB?
fallopian tube
What is the transformation zone of the cervix?
Endocervix columnar with mucin
to
Exocervix stratified squamous
Where does the transformation zone lie in childhood? after puberty?
Child: at external os
Puberty: out into os: ring of red is metaplastic SC zone
What is another term for the transformation zone?
Squamocolumnar junction
What is particularly prone to HPV infection?
Metaplastic squamous cells of transformation zone
What are the two layers of the breast duct?
Luminal epithelial
Myoepithelial
What are 90% of breast cancers?
Ductal
What is the progression of breast cancer histology?
Hyperplasia Metaplasia Dysplasia In Situ Invasive
Hyperplasia is contrasted to carcinoma in what histological way?
Hyperplasia: Basal myoepithelial cells are still in place
How do pathologist see if basal myoepithelial cells are still in place?
Myosin immunostain
What is the effect of progesterone on endothelium stroma?
DECIDUALIZATION:
Spindle cells
to
Enlarged rounded cells with
abundant smooth pink cytoplasmWhat does endothelial large round stromal cells with large pink cytoplasm instead of spindle cells indicate?
Progesterone: Decidualization has occured
