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Fundamentals 2 Exam 2 Flashcards > Newborn ATI > Flashcards

Newborn ATI Flashcards

1
Q

Toward the end of pregnancy, what problems may the mother have?

A

Increased difficulty to breathe, tire more easily, and feel physically uncomfortable

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2
Q

When a woman goes into labor, her uterus will contract until-

What happens at the same time as this?

A

The contractions become stronger and more rhythmic.

The cervix enlarges to ~10 cm.

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3
Q

Neonate =

A

Newborn

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4
Q

What’s the order of everything that happens in a vaginal birth?

A

The newborn passes through the cervix, enters the vagina, and it crowns.

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5
Q

When a neonate crowns, what does that mean?

A

The newborn’s head is appearing + indicates birth is imminent

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6
Q

What happens upon delivery if the newborn?

A

The placenta is expelled, fetal circulation ends as the umbilical cord is tied, the newborn takes it’s first breath

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7
Q

When is the Apgar score done?

A

At 1 minute and five minutes after birth

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8
Q

When you assess 5 indicators of a newborn to quickly determine if it needs immediate medical attention =

A

Apgar Score

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9
Q

The lower the Apgar Score, the more-

A

Severe the newborn’s condition is

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10
Q

APGAR stands for the 5 indicators assessed. What are they?

A

Appearance (skin color)
Pulse
Grimace (reflect irritability)
Activity
Respiration

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11
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Blue; Pale =

A

0 Points

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12
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Pink Body; Blue Extremities =

A

1 Point

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13
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Pink Skin Color =

A

2 Points

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14
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Absent Pulse =

A

0 Points

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15
Q

Apgar Scoring:

A pulse below 100/min =

A

1 Point

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16
Q

Apgar Scoring:

A pulse over 100/min =

A

2 Points

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17
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn is floppy =

A

0 Points

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18
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn has minimal response to stimulation =

A

1 Point

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19
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn has prompt response to stimulation =

A

2 points

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20
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn is completely inactive=

A

0 Points

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21
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn has flexed arms & legs =

A

1 Point

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22
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn is active =

A

2 Points

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23
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn has no respirations =

A

0 Points

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24
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn has a slow and irregular respiratory rate =

A

0 Points

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25
Q

Apgar Scoring:

Newborn is vigorously crying =

A

2 Points

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26
Q

The highest (best) possible Apgar score is 10, but what score is considered normal?

A

A score of 7 or higher

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27
Q

What may Apgar scores be influenced by?

A

Gestational Age, Birth Weight, Maternal Meds or Anesthesia Use, and Congenital Anomalies

28
Q

Is the Apgar Score used to detect any long-term issues?

A

No

29
Q

Is the newborn’s head larger or smaller compared to the rest of it’s body?

A

Larger

30
Q

When a baby is born, what is their skull like?

A

The skull consists of 6 soft bones held together by Sutures, with Fontanels

31
Q

These are 2 open areas found between the newborn’s skull bones =

A

Fontanels

32
Q

Where are the 2 different Fontanels found on the newborn’s skull?

What are the 2 different Fontanels called?

A

The Fontanel that’s found on the anterior of the newborn’s skull is called the Anterior Fontanel.

The one on the posterior of the newborn’s skull is called the Posterior Fontanel.

33
Q

What is the Anterior Fontanel also called?

A

The Soft Spot

34
Q

Many newborns are covered with fine hair called-

A

Lanugo

35
Q

When does Lanugo disappear?

A

In the first few days after birth

36
Q

The skin creases of a newborn have a white, cheese-like covering called-

A

Vernix Caseosa

37
Q

Protect’s the fetus’s skin during pregnancy =

A

Vernix Caseosa

38
Q

What should the abdomen of a newborn usually look like?

A

Soft & Protruding

39
Q

Normal behavioral characteristics of a neonate include -

A

Sucking + Crying + Sleeping + Movements (Usually sporadic & involve all 4 extremities)

40
Q

What’s the instinctive behavior that newborns use to express a variety of feelings?

What feelings can it express using this?

A

Crying

Hunger, Discomfort, and Overstimulation

41
Q

At birth, the nervous system is-

A

Immature

42
Q

How do newborns respond to their environment?

A

Through a series of reflexes

43
Q

The presence of certain reflexes indicates-

A

Normal Neurologic Functioning

44
Q

What can practitioners assess to estimate gestational age?

A

The presence of certain reflexes

45
Q

A measurement of the age of a pregnancy + is based on the date of the last period =

A

Gestational Age

46
Q

In addition to the assessment of reflexes, there are other newborn screenings like tests to detect-

A

Congenital Hearing Loss + Metabolic & Genetic Disorders + Congenital Hip Dysplasia

47
Q

You stroke the cheek or touch the side of the newborn’s moth. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

Should turn towards the source, open mouth, and begin to suckle.

Rooting.

48
Q

You make a sudden movement or loud noise. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

Newborn should get startled. It should extend its arms and legs, then pull them inward toward the body.

Moro.

49
Q

With the newborn lying supine, you turn it’s head to the side. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

It should it’s arm and leg on that side.

Tonic Neck.

50
Q

You touch the newborn’s mouth with an object. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

It should suckle on the object.

Sucking.

51
Q

You stroke the sole of the newborn’s foot. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

Toes should fan outward and the foot should turn inward.

Babinski.

52
Q

The newborn’s palm is touched by an object. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

It should grasp the object.

Grasping.

53
Q

A flash of light or a puff of air hits the newborn. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

It should close it’s eyes.

Blinking.

54
Q

The newborn is held upright with it’s feet touching the surface. What kind of response should you expect from the newborn?

What is this reflex called?

A

It should move it’s feet as if walking.

Stepping.

55
Q

What things are measured and recorded immediately after birth?

A

Height + Weight + Head Circumference + Vital Signs

56
Q

Why might a newborn’s temperature be slightly lower than normal?

A

An immature temperature-regulating mechanism and/or heat loss due to the adjusting of life outside the uterus

57
Q

What are the best practices for making a newborn warmer?

A

Placing newborn is skin-to-skin contact with the mother
Use light blankets to warm the newborn
Cover its head to prevent further heat loss

58
Q

How long would you count respirations for a newborn?

What should the normal RR look like for a newborn?

A

A full minute.

30 - 60 Breaths Per Minute

59
Q

How long would you check a newborn’s apical pulse for?

What should the normal HR look like for a newborn?

A

For a full minute.

Normally ranges from 110 - 160 BPM.

60
Q

What’s the normal systolic BP range for a newborn?

A

60 - 80 mmHg

61
Q

What’s the normal diastolic BP range for a newborn?

A

40 - 50 mmHg

62
Q

When do infants begin to recognize their mother?

How does the infant recognize their mother?

This sets the stage for-

A

During prenatal development and soon after birth.

By smell + sound.

An Attachment Relationship

63
Q

What’s the first step in the formation of attachment relationships between an infant and their caregivers?

A

Infant behaviors & responses evoke interactions with their caregivers

64
Q

Attachment may be evidenced by-

A

The way a caregiver looks at, talks to, and holds the newborn

65
Q

The attachment theorists who suggested that people need to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver to ensure normal social + emotional development =

A

John Bowlby & Mary Ainsworth

66
Q

An enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another over time and space =

A

Human Attachment

67
Q

If attachment doesn’t occur or isn’t reciprocated between any caregivers and their infant, what may occur?

A

Future Behavioral/Emotional Difficulties

Fundamentals 2 Exam 2 Flashcards (28 decks)

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