Adolescence (12 - 20 Years Old) ATI

Question 1

During this stage, you transition from childhood to adulthood =

Answer 1

Adolescence

Question 2

Adolescence literally means-

Answer 2

“Grow and mature”

Question 3

Bridges the gap between dependence and independence =

Answer 3

Adolescence

Question 4

Puberty begins during-

Answer 4

Preadolescence

Question 5

The stage of development usually between 11 and 13 =

Answer 5

Preadolescence

Question 6

Puberty takes years to complete and may last through the end of-

Can puberty continue even after most of the physical changes related to it have taken place?

Answer 6

Adolescence

Yes

Question 7

What does puberty begin with?

Answer 7

A growth spurt in height & weight + the development of secondary sex characteristics

Question 8

When does puberty end in females?

Answer 8

The onset of Menarche (First Menstrual Period)

Question 9

When does puberty end in males?

Answer 9

The onset of Spermarche (Sperm Production)

Question 10

The stage of development in which you become sexually mature =

Answer 10

Post-Puberty (Still in Adolescence)

Question 11

The onset of puberty is influenced by-

Answer 11

Genetics, Environmental Factors, & Gender

Question 12

Which gender typically experiences puberty first?

Answer 12

Typically it impacts females first

Question 13

While variations can occur in the age of onset, duration, and pace of the physical changes of puberty, the sequence of these changes is-

Answer 13

Pretty consistent from person to person

Question 14

What results in the emergence of sexual differences between females and males in regard to adult body size, composition, and shape?

Answer 14

The rapid growth and development during puberty

Question 15

Primary sex characteristics =

Answer 15

Primary sex organs that are present at birth + involved with reproduction

Question 16

Secondary sex characteristics =

Answer 16

Breasts in females, pigmented facial hair in males

Question 17

Do secondary sexual characteristics play any role in reproduction?

Answer 17

No, they just appear during puberty

Question 18

Pubic hair is initially -

It eventually becomes-

Answer 18

Sparse + Lightly Pigmented

Grows Darker + Coarser

Question 19

During puberty in males, what happens to the larynx (voicebox) and vocal cords? What does this result in?

Answer 19

They increase in size, resulting in a deepened voice

Question 20

In females, some changes of puberty include:

Answer 20

Fat distribution changes, there is also an increase in the width + roundness of the hip and pelvic regions

Question 21

Both females and males produce what during puberty?

What does this cause?

Answer 21

Sebaceous glands that become larger and more active.

Causes Acne.

Question 22

Puberty causes awkward stages, both in their appearance and their-

Answer 22

Physical Coordination

Question 23

Hormonal changes during puberty are triggered by -

Answer 23

The Hypothalamus

Question 24

How does the hypothalamus trigger the hormonal changes during puberty?

Answer 24

It begins releasing Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Question 25

When GnRH is produced, where is it taken? Then what does it do?

Answer 25

It’s transported to the anterior pituitary gland, then stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins

Question 26

What are the two different types of gonadotropins?

Answer 26

Follicle Stimulation Hormone (FHS)

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 27

FSH stimulates the development of-

Answer 27

Eggs in females + Sperm in males

Question 28

LH stimulates the-

Answer 28

Testes to secrete testosterone + Ovaries to secrete estrogen

Question 29

Testosterone + Estrogen stimulate the development of-

Answer 29

Primary + Secondary Sex Characteristics

Influence the physical growth spurt in adolescence

Question 30

What happens to the brain during adolescence?

Answer 30

It becomes more complex and the number of folds increases.

Unused brain pathways are eliminated as myelination increases

Question 31

Unused brain pathways are eliminated during adolescence, this process is called-

Answer 31

Synaptic Pruning

Question 32

The brain becomes more efficient and functional during-

This causes-

Answer 32

Adolescence

Major Cognitive Changes

Question 33

Cognitive functioning in an adolescent is-

Answer 33

Rapid

Question 34

The brain capacity for these 3 things matures during adolescence:

Answer 34

Attention, Memory, Cognitive Processing

Question 35

Some of the most significant changes to the brain in adolescence occur in the-

Answer 35

Prefrontal Cortex

Question 36

The anterior area of the brain that’s involved in decision making, abstract thinking, problem solving, and impulse control =

Answer 36

The Prefrontal Cortex

Question 37

Paradoxically, while adolescents are developing the ability to think like adults, they are often-

Answer 37

Risk Takers

Question 38

Adolescents are prone to-

Answer 38

Giving into peer pressure

Question 39

Is it true that some scientists believe that adolescent are genetically wired to be risk takers?

Why?

Answer 39

Yes.

It could be an evolutionary benefit that helps build the confidence + motivation needed to leave your family + begin a life of your own

Question 40

What happens to the heart and lungs during adolescence?

What does this lead to?

Answer 40

They increase in size + compacity

Increased strength + Endurance

Question 41

What happens to the stomach and intestines during adolescence?

Answer 41

They increase in size + compacity

Question 42

Eye-Hand Coordination + Dexterity Improves During-

Answer 42

Adolescence

Question 43

Psychosocial changes occur at what kind of pace during adolescence?

Answer 43

A Rapid Pace

Question 44

Are Psychosocial changes almost as dramatic as the physical changes associated with puberty?

Answer 44

Yup

Question 45

When do people develop a sense of identity?

Answer 45

During Adolescence

Question 46

Peer relationships become more important than family ones during-

Answer 46

Adolescence

Question 47

Is it normal during adolescence to experience a strong desire to conform to their peer group due to their need for acceptance + belonging?

Answer 47

Yes, especially during early to mid Adolescence

Question 48

When does a person experience a heightened sense of sexuality + begin sexual exploration?

Answer 48

Adolescence

Question 49

Both males and females tend to become unhappy with -

Answer 49

Their appearances during adolescence

Question 50

Adolescents require a lot of iron to make-

A well-met caloric intake is necessary to support-

Calcium is needed for-

Answer 50

Extra Hemoglobin.

Proper Growth & Development associated with puberty.

The extra bone growth.

Question 51

Why do males require additional hemoglobin during adolescence?

Answer 51

Because of increased muscle mass

Question 52

Why do females require additional hemoglobin during adolescence?

Answer 52

Because of blood loss during menstruation

Question 53

In some cases, adolescents will rely extensively on-

This can cause problems like-

Answer 53

Fast foods + unhealthy food choices

Obesity or disordered eating

Question 54

What happens in terms of teeth during adolescence?

Answer 54

The second molars erupt

Question 55

By the end of adolescence, what happens to your jaw?

Answer 55

It reaches and adult size

Question 56

By early adulthood, what kinds of teeth appear?

Answer 56

Third Molars (Wisdom Teeth)

Question 57

What’s one of the most widely unmet health care needs of adolescents?

Answer 57

Oral Health

Question 58

Why might adolescents be at a higher risk for dental issues?

Answer 58

Sports Injury, Oral Piercings, High Sugar Intake, Nicotine Initiation, Orthodontic Considerations

Question 59

Lifelong dental health habits are created during-

Answer 59

Childhood + Adolescence