New Criminology Marxism

Question 1

What do New Criminologists agree with Trad Marx on

Answer 1

Capitalist society based on exploitation: class conflict
State makes and enforces law: interests of capitalist class and criminalises w.c.

Question 2

Why does the New Criminology view differ

Answer 2

Reject w.c. passive victims - voluntarists - have free will
W.c. experience constraints capitalism: they make choices how they should act
Mixes Marxism and Interactionism

Question 3

Key concepts

Answer 3

Political response
Myth of Black Criminality - Gilroy
Policing the Crisis - Hall

Question 4

How does Political Response lead to more crime

Answer 4

Powerless to their position in capitalist society. Protesting injustice, exploitation and alienation. Crime against property e.g. theft or burglary reaction wealth inequality
Not passive = struggling alter capitalism and change society for better

Question 5

Who researches in to political response

Answer 5

Taylor

Question 6

What does Taylor argue for why Political Response creates crime

Answer 6

Aim: create full social theory of deviance, 1st marx explore exclusively police racism and street crime, no moved focus white collar

Question 7

Who researched in to Myth of Black Criminality

Answer 7

Gilroy

Question 8

What book did Gilroy write

Answer 8

The Empire Strikes Back

Question 9

What was the overall findings of Gilroy

Answer 9

Afro-Caribbean men no more criminal than white men, labelled by police and courts and treated unfairly

Question 10

What is Gilroys study

Answer 10

Recruited black workers from colonies 80s high unemployment: blacks seen as ‘surplus army of labour’. Convenient agents state divide and rule w.c labelling backs as criminals stealing white mens jobs, rather admit capitalist failure

Question 11

Main concept of Gilroys myth of black criminality

Answer 11

Scapegoating

Question 12

How did Scapegoating lead to more crime

Answer 12

Increased arrests and myth black criminality confirming stereotype leading to more arrests and SFP

Question 13

What context did Gilroy understand his study to be

Answer 13

Understood within context of colonial oppression

Question 14

Evaluation of Myth of Black Criminality

Answer 14

Is crime due to voluntarist or political action of police labelling and racism ?????

Question 15

Who researched in to policing the crisis

Answer 15

Hall

Question 16

Why does Halls Policing the Crisis disagree with Gilroy and Taylor

Answer 16

Not political often black on black crime

Question 17

Who influenced Halls Policing the Crisis

Answer 17

Gramsci

Applied Marx analysis of moral panics

Question 18

Outline Halls Policing the crisis in leading to crime

Answer 18

Moral panic: mugging in 70s focusing on black crime acted as a smoke screen to cover crisis in capitalist hegemony.
Actual stats did not indicate rise mugging

Question 19

Evaluation

Answer 19

Contradictory = police racism or black people angry having ‘white mans shit work’ ????
NLR: Moral panics real, underplays reality, crime risen and victims usually w.c.
92% crime reported by public