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Sociology Crime And Deviance > Interactionist Approach > Flashcards

Interactionist Approach Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How does interactionist approach differ to consensus

A

No consensus: do not believe in moral absolutism
Dont accept official statistics: not a w.c. phenomena
Dont look for causes: more interested why someone has been labelled
Social groups create deviance: making own rules what constitutes as deviant

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2
Q

What are interactionists concerned with

A

Secondary deviance: societal reaction not initial act

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3
Q

Why does Lemert argue to be interested in secondary deviance

A

Pointless seek initial causes (primary deviance) so widespread unlikely to be one dominant or single cause

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4
Q

Key concepts of interactionist approach

A

Master status
Deviancy amplification
Justice is negotiable

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5
Q

What is a master label

A

Being caught and publicly labelled as a criminal can involve being stigmatised and humiliated may cause master status

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6
Q

How does Becker define master status

A

Label that takes precedence over all other labels such as thief or paedophile

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7
Q

Why does Becker argue master status creates deviance

A

Provokes further hostile reactions from society leading to deviant living up to status, label becoming a SFP. Lead formation deviant career, deviance is life style choice, join deviant subculture

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8
Q

What study supports master status

A

Jock Young - hippie marijuana users in Notting Hill, London

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9
Q

How does Jock Young support master status

A

Primary deviance = smoking marijuana - minor act
Secondary deviance = persecution and labelling by police, created feeling of outsiders/stigmatised, retreated deviant subculture drug use central activity, gain further attention police - SFP and deviant career

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10
Q

What was the primary deviance in Jock Youngs study

A

Smoking marijuana

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11
Q

What was the secondary deviance in Jock Youngs study

A

Persecution and labelling by police

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12
Q

How did secondary deviance in Jock Youngs study lead to crime

A

Police labelling, hippies increasingly saw themselves as outsiders/stigmatised. Retreated to deviant subculture, drugs central activity, inviting further attention from police = SFP = Deviant career

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13
Q

Evaluation of master status explanation

A

Moral entrepreneurs who decide what is deviant create deviance by making rules to be broken
Marx: moral entrepreneurs r.c.
Most of us agree what is right and wrong

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14
Q

What does deviancy amplification mean

A

Term used to describe process whereby actions of media or police may cause more crime be detected or committed

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15
Q

Who researched in to deviancy amplification

A

Stan Cohen

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16
Q

What was Stan Cohens focus in his research on deviancy amplification

A

Folk Devils and Moral Panics

Disturbances between mods and rockers 64-66

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17
Q

Outline Stan Cohens mods and rockers research to support deviancy amplification

A

Disorder was trivial - media over reacted and distorted reporting of events leading moral panic and deviance amplification. Led increased control from police and courts focused attention on group. Produced further marginalisation and stigmatisation of ‘deviant’ resulting upwards spiral

18
Q

How does Stan Cohens moral panics lead to more crime

A

Produced further marginalisation and stigmatisation of ‘deviant’ mods and rockers, resulting in upward spiral

19
Q

Evaluation of Stan Cohens moral panics and deviancy amplification

A

Marx: Hall: crisis in hegemony
McRobbie and Thornton: blurring ‘normal’ and ‘deviant’ consensus that moral panics work off is no longer in place - causing their decline
Brown: moral panics more frequent and rapid turnover rate, less feeling of marginalisation and less upward spiral crime

20
Q

Key points of justice is negotiable

A

Factors affect if police arrest
Arrests based on physical appearances
Racist policing strategies
Typifications

21
Q

What factors affect if police arrest

A

Appearance, background and interactions with agencies social control = agencies social control more likely label certain groups as deviant or criminal

22
Q

Who argues arrests are made on physical appearances

A

Piliavin and Briar

23
Q

What do Piliavin and Briar argue

A

Arrests based on physical appearances e.g. Manner and dress, class, gender, ethnicity, and time of day

24
Q

Who argues racist policing strategies make justice negotiable

A

Chambliss and the RDU

25
Q

What is the argument that justice is negotiable because of racist policing strategies

A

Chambliss and the RDU

Harsher black dominated areas, Washington: stopped more black cars than whites

26
Q

Who invented typifications

A

Cicourel

27
Q

What are typifications

A

Stereotype typical delinquent

28
Q

How do typifications demonstrate justice is negotiable

A

Patrolled w.c. areas more intensively, leading more arrests and confirming the stereotype
M.c. youths arrested = less likely be charged as did not fit stereotype and parents more likely negotiate successfully

29
Q

Who researches in to criminal justice system

A

Braithwaite

30
Q

What is Braithwaites concept

A

Disintegrative and reintegrative shaming

31
Q

What does disintegrative mean

A

Harsher sentencing, minor infractions led to stigmatisation and increased offending - excluded from society

32
Q

What is reintegrative shaming

A

Aims show community disapproval but ‘reabsorb’ offender in to community

33
Q

Where does Braithwaite argue crime is lowest

A

Societies where reintegrative shaming is dominant e.g. Japan

34
Q

What does Braithwaite argue is the policy implications of disintegrative and reintegrative shaming

A

Negative labelling pushes towards offending and deviant career. Therefore, we should make and enforce fewer rules for people to break and avoid name shaming

35
Q

Who creates concepts of disintegrative shaming and reintegrative shaming

A

Braithwaite

36
Q

Who looks in to myth of mental illness

A

Szasz

37
Q

What is myth of mental illness Szasz

A

Term mentally ill used form social control e.g. 19th century: normal to be asexual if not got mental illness

38
Q

Who else supports myth of mental illness

A

Gothman

39
Q

Why does Gothman argue myth of mental illness

A

Insitutiitions strip you of your sense of self control. You = mortification of self. Destroy individuality and autonomy

40
Q

Overall evaluation

A

Significant contribution study crime
Alerted to dangers of institutions: and labelling of abnormal
Fails to acknowledge: some people genuinely ill

Sociology Crime And Deviance (13 decks)

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