Neurovascular Anatomy, Cerebral Aneurysms and Basic Stroke Syndromes Flashcards
The vertebral arteries are branches of which arteries?
Subclavian arteries
Which artery is formed when the two vertebral arteries join together?
Basilar artery
What is the presenting complaint of a subarachnoid haemorrhage?
Sudden onset of severe headache- described as worst headache patient has had in their life
May be signs of meningism e.g. neck pain/stiffness
Vomiting
If you suspected a subarachnoid haemorrhage, which investigation would be carried out?
CT
Where do most intracranial aneurysms arise from?
Branch points of Circle of Willis
What is the treatment for brain anuerysms?
Endovascular coil embolism
Surgical clipping may be done but less common now
What are some complications of brain aneurysms?
Hydrocephalus
Vasospastic infarcts
Disability
Which artery would be responsible for supplying the part of the brain which allows for right visual field?
Left posterior cerebral artery
An elderly patient presents with sudden onset left arm and leg weakness. On examination, she has increased reflexes and left-sided sensory inattention. Which artery is affected?
Right middle cerebral artery
An elderly patient presents to hospital after a fall caused by tripping over a large object.
On examination, the patient has a right visual field defect. Which artery is affected?
Left posterior cerebral artery
A patient presents with sudden onset right arm and leg weakness with increased reflexes in those limbs. They also have aphasia*. Which artery is affected?
*language disorder making it harder for an individual to communicate
Left middle cerebral artery
84yo male, with 2 prior left hemisphere infarcts.
Two weeks ago, he was locked in his house as he couldn’t find his keys. Upon examination, left homonymous hemianopia and slight left facial droop.
Which artery is affected?
Right posterior cerebral artery
A patient with history of hypertension and two previous heart attacks presents with sudden onset painless lower limb weakness.
The patient has no headache.
On examination, the patient has a stiff right lower limb with increased reflexes. The right arm and face are not affected.
Which artery has been affected?
Left anterior cerebral artery
What does the right middle cerebral artery supply?
Left body strength and sensation.
What does the left middle cerebral artery supply?
Right body strength and sensation and language.
