Neurotransmission

Question 1

Amino acid neurotransmitters

Answer 1

Glutamate
GABA
Glycine

Question 2

Monoamine neurotransmitters

Answer 2

ACh
Adrenaline
NA
Dopamine
Serotonin
Histamine

Question 3

Purine neurotransmitters

Answer 3

Adenosine

ATP

Question 4

Peptide neurotransmitters

Answer 4

Substance P 
Endorphin
Dynorphins
Somatostatin
CCK

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter receptors are ligand gated ion channels?

Answer 5

Inotropic; membrane receptors directly coupled to an ion channel. Transmission is fast

Question 6

Which neurotransmitters are GPCR?

Answer 6

Metabotropic; modulates the activity of ion channels indirectly and therefore slower

Question 7

What are the main excitatory neurotransmitters that result in the production of an EPSP?

Answer 7

Glutamate

ACh

Question 8

What are the main inhibitory neurotransmitters that result in an IPSP?

Answer 8

GABA
Glycine
Act via chloride or potassium channels

Question 9

What is temporal summation?

Answer 9

Occurs when EPSPs arrive rapidly one after the other at the same target cell, without time to decay and therefore bringing the membrane potential to threshold

Question 10

What is spatial summation?

Answer 10

ESPS from different sites on the neuron combine at the same time

Question 11

Mechanism of action of AMPA receptrs

Answer 11

Glutamate binds
Conformational shift
Na+ influx

Question 12

Mechanism of action of NMDA receptors

Answer 12

Permeable to Ca2+

Removal of Mg 2+ via depolarisation to allow Ca2+ to enter

Question 13

Where are GABA neurotransmitters most abundant?

Answer 13

Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Interneurons to regulate muscle tone