Cranial Nerves

Question 1

What will the motor components of cranial nerves be associated with?

Answer 1

Motor nuclei, groups of efferent nerve cells that send their axons into the cranial nerve

Question 2

What will the sensory components of cranial nerves be associated with?

Answer 2

Sensory nuclei, groups of nerve cells upon which the sensory neurones of the cranial nerves synapse. The soma of the sensory nerve cells will be found in ganglia outside the CNS

Question 3

Does CN1 synapse in the thalamus before reaching the cortex?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Where are the neurones of CN1 found?

Answer 4

In the cribriform plate

Question 5

Which cranial nerves have motor fibres?

Answer 5

CN 3,4,6,9,10

Question 6

Where are the superior and inferior collucli found and what are they associated with?

Answer 6

Midbrain
Superior colliculus = visual
Inferior colliculus = auditory

Question 7

What is the edinger westphal nucleus?

Answer 7

P.symop oculomotor nucleus for sphincter pupillae and accommodation to near vision via ciliary muscle

Question 8

What will run through the oculomotor nucleus?

Answer 8

Neurons to supply LPS, SR, MR, IR and IO

Question 9

What runs through the trochlear nucleus?

Answer 9

Nerve fibres that supply SO muscle

Question 10

What runs through the abducens nucleus?

Answer 10

Nerve fibres to supply lateral rectus

Question 11

Where will the hypoglossal nerve come out of the brainstem?

Answer 11

Between the pyramids and the olives

Question 12

What does the hypoglossal nerve supply?

Answer 12

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Intrinsic tongue muscles

Question 13

Are motor nuclei situated close to or away from the midline?

Answer 13

Close to

Question 14

Where does the spinal accessory nerve originate?

Answer 14

Cervical spinal cord

Question 15

What will the spinal accessory nerve supply?

Answer 15

Trapezius

Stenocleidomastoid

Question 16

What are the functions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 16

Somatosensation of face: touch, vibration, pain, temp
Proprioception with chewing; muscles of mastication, teeth
Motor control: muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, ant. belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini

Question 17

What will the sensory nucleus of the trigeminal form?

Answer 17

A long column that stretches from the upper midbrain to the upper 2 segments of the cervical spinal cord

Question 18

What are the 3 parts to the trigeminal sensory nucleus?

Answer 18

Mesencephalic
Pontine
Spinal

Question 19

What is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus?

Answer 19

Proprioception info from chewing muscles

Question 20

What is the function of the pontine trigeminal nucleus?

Answer 20

Touch

Vibration

Question 21

What is the function of the spinal nucleus?

Answer 21

Pain
Temperature
V similar to the spinothalamic tract

Question 22

What occurs with fibres in the ventral trigeminothalamic tract?

Answer 22

Most fibres cross the midline but some don’t and therefore bilateral representation of touch, vibration in cortex

Question 23

What are the functions of the facial nerve?

Answer 23

Motor: muscles of facial expression, stapedius
P.symp innervation to pterygopalatine and submandib ganglia
Taste to ant. 1/3rd of tongue via chorda tympani

Question 24

What are the functions of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 24

Tactile sense, pain and temp from posterior tongue, eustachian tube and upper pharynx
Taste of posterior 1/3rd of tongue
P.symp to otic ganglion (parotid gland)
Motor to stylopharyngeus

Question 25

What are the functions of the vagus nerve?

Answer 25

Tactile sense, pain and temp from pharynx, larynx, trachea, oesophagus, and thoracic and abdo viscera
Taste in epiglottis
P.symp to ganglia serving thoracic and abdominal viscera
Motor to striated muscle of pharynx and larynx

Question 26

With what nucleus are the muscles of facial expression controlled?

Answer 26

Facial motor nucleus in the lower pons (caudal)

Question 27

With what nucleus are the submandibular, pterygopalatine and otic ganglion serving the salivary glands controlled?

Answer 27

Salivatory nucleus

Question 28

With what nucleus is taste controlled?

Answer 28

Solitary nucleus

Question 29

What ganglion will cell that carry taste sensation into the CNS synapse?

Answer 29

Geniculate ganglion

Question 30

With what nucleus will somatosensation associated with the ear pass through?

Answer 30

Spinal trigeminal

Question 31

With what nucleus will all musculature that is derived from the pharyngeal arches pass through?

Answer 31

Nucleus ambiguus

Question 32

With what nucleus will the p.symp action of the vagus nerve pass through?

Answer 32

Dorsal nucleus of vagus

Question 33

With that nucleus will pain from the dura detected by the vagus nerve pass through?

Answer 33

Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Question 34

What will the solitary nucleus do?

Answer 34

Gustatory nucleus for taste

Commissural nucleus for carotid sinus (CN9) and aortic arch (CN10)

Question 35

Which cranial nerves use the solitary nucleus?

Answer 35

CN 7,9,10

Question 36

Which cranial nerves use the salivatory nuclei?

Answer 36

CN7,9

Question 37

Which cranial nerves use the nucleus ambiguus?

Answer 37

CN9,10

Question 38

What provides the motor input to cranial nerves?

Answer 38

Corticobulbar tract

Question 39

What provides the input to the CN’s containing p.symp efferents (CN3,7,9,10)?

Answer 39

Hypothalamus whose efferents reach the preganglionic autonomic nervous system both directly and via synapses in the reticular formation