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Neurology > Neurotoxicity > Flashcards

Neurotoxicity Flashcards

1
Q

What has a greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen?

A

Carbon monoxide

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2
Q

Strychnine is what type of agent?

A

Neruoexcitatory agnet

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3
Q

Barbituates and ivermectin are what type of agent?

A

Neuroinhibitory agent

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4
Q

Nicotine is what type of agent?

A

Autonomic agent

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5
Q

What is the toxic agent in chocolant?

A

Methylxanthines

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6
Q

What are drugs commonly used to induce emesis in dogs?

A

Apomorphine and hydrogen peroxide

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7
Q

What are drugs commonly used to induce emesis in cats?

A

Xylazine

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8
Q

Toxins that produce tremors or convulsions are often treated with what drugs?

A

Benzodiazapines

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9
Q

What can you use to treat dogs with tetanus or cats with permethrin toxicity?

A

Methocarbamol

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10
Q

What is often used in dogs to decreased the absorption of a toxin?

A

Activated charcoal

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11
Q

Ivermectin toxicity can be treated with what kind of intravenous therapy?

A

Intravenous lipids

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12
Q

What is the MoA of ivermectin?

A

GABA agonist

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13
Q

Which dogs should NOT be treated with ivermectin?

A

MDR-1 gene mutation in collies (white feet don’t treat)

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14
Q

What is the MoA of methylxathines?

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, increase cAMP

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15
Q

What is latrodectism?

A

Envenomation by black widow spiders and their genus

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16
Q

What toxin do black widows contain and what does it cause?

A

Alpha-latrotoxin causes massive release of neurotransmitters throughout the body

17
Q

What is a very common clinical sign of a black widow bite?

A

Pain

18
Q

How do you shorten recovery time of metronidazole toxicity?

A

Diazepam

19
Q

What is the MoA of organophosphates/carbamates?

A

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase

20
Q

How are carbamates and organophosphates different in their MoA?

A

Carbamates bind ACh-ase reversibly

21
Q

How do you treat organophosphate/carbamate tox?

A

2-PAM or Pralidoxime

22
Q

What is the MoA of permethrins/pyrethroids?

A

Delay opening/closing of voltage-gated sodium channels

23
Q

What is the MoA of bromethalin?

A

Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation

24
Q

Spasms and full body twitching in cats is caused by what toxicity?

A

Permethrins

25
Q

Causes bilateral laryngeal paralysis and dysphagia in horses

A

Lead

26
Q

What is the MoA of lead toxicity in ruminants?

A

Heme synthesis inhibitor

27
Q

What plant causes urinary bladder paralysis in cows and vestibulocerebellar signs in lambs?

A

Sorghum grass

28
Q

What is the MoA of sorghum grass tox?

A

High hydrocyanide content

29
Q

Shaker foal syndrome is caused by _____

A

Clostridium botulinum

30
Q

What is the MoA of botulism?

A

Blocks ACh exocytosis

Neurology (19 decks)

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