Neurotoxicity

Question 1

What has a greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen?

Answer 1

Carbon monoxide

Question 2

Strychnine is what type of agent?

Answer 2

Neruoexcitatory agnet

Question 3

Barbituates and ivermectin are what type of agent?

Answer 3

Neuroinhibitory agent

Question 4

Nicotine is what type of agent?

Answer 4

Autonomic agent

Question 5

What is the toxic agent in chocolant?

Answer 5

Methylxanthines

Question 6

What are drugs commonly used to induce emesis in dogs?

Answer 6

Apomorphine and hydrogen peroxide

Question 7

What are drugs commonly used to induce emesis in cats?

Answer 7

Xylazine

Question 8

Toxins that produce tremors or convulsions are often treated with what drugs?

Answer 8

Benzodiazapines

Question 9

What can you use to treat dogs with tetanus or cats with permethrin toxicity?

Answer 9

Methocarbamol

Question 10

What is often used in dogs to decreased the absorption of a toxin?

Answer 10

Activated charcoal

Question 11

Ivermectin toxicity can be treated with what kind of intravenous therapy?

Answer 11

Intravenous lipids

Question 12

What is the MoA of ivermectin?

Answer 12

GABA agonist

Question 13

Which dogs should NOT be treated with ivermectin?

Answer 13

MDR-1 gene mutation in collies (white feet don’t treat)

Question 14

What is the MoA of methylxathines?

Answer 14

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, increase cAMP

Question 15

What is latrodectism?

Answer 15

Envenomation by black widow spiders and their genus

Question 16

What toxin do black widows contain and what does it cause?

Answer 16

Alpha-latrotoxin causes massive release of neurotransmitters throughout the body

Question 17

What is a very common clinical sign of a black widow bite?

Answer 17

Pain

Question 18

How do you shorten recovery time of metronidazole toxicity?

Answer 18

Diazepam

Question 19

What is the MoA of organophosphates/carbamates?

Answer 19

Inhibit acetylcholinesterase

Question 20

How are carbamates and organophosphates different in their MoA?

Answer 20

Carbamates bind ACh-ase reversibly

Question 21

How do you treat organophosphate/carbamate tox?

Answer 21

2-PAM or Pralidoxime

Question 22

What is the MoA of permethrins/pyrethroids?

Answer 22

Delay opening/closing of voltage-gated sodium channels

Question 23

What is the MoA of bromethalin?

Answer 23

Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation

Question 24

Spasms and full body twitching in cats is caused by what toxicity?

Answer 24

Permethrins

Question 25

Causes bilateral laryngeal paralysis and dysphagia in horses

Answer 25

Lead

Question 26

What is the MoA of lead toxicity in ruminants?

Answer 26

Heme synthesis inhibitor

Question 27

What plant causes urinary bladder paralysis in cows and vestibulocerebellar signs in lambs?

Answer 27

Sorghum grass

Question 28

What is the MoA of sorghum grass tox?

Answer 28

High hydrocyanide content

Question 29

Shaker foal syndrome is caused by _____

Answer 29

Clostridium botulinum

Question 30

What is the MoA of botulism?

Answer 30

Blocks ACh exocytosis