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Neurology > Misc Neuro Diseases in Small Animals > Flashcards

Misc Neuro Diseases in Small Animals Flashcards

1
Q

How do you ddx Listeria from Histophilus (TEME)?

A 
Listeria = mononuclear CSF
TEME = neutrophilic CSF
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2
Q

Goats and cattle fed silage are prone to what disease?

A

Listeria

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3
Q

Why does Listeria like spoiled silage?

A

Microaerophilic and low pH environment

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4
Q

Dropped lip, no menace/pallpebral, ptosis, drooling, fever, dysphagia are clinical signs of what disease of cattle and goats?

A

Listeriosis

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5
Q

Which CNs are affected by Listeria?

A

CN 5/7 (trigeminal/facial)

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6
Q

Will Listeria clinical signs be uni- or bilateral?

A

Unilateral

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7
Q

How is a fetus affected by Listeria?

A

Autolysis (abortion)

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8
Q

How do you treat Listeria?

A

Procaine penicillin

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9
Q

What lesions does Listeria cause in the CNS?

A

Microabscesses in brainstem and CN roots

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10
Q

How can you ddx TEME from polioencephalomalacia?

A

TEME has a high fever

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11
Q

What clinical signs of TEME are seen first?

A

Respiratory

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12
Q

How will a head trauma patient’s mentation be affected?

A

Obtunded

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13
Q

What is the treatment goal of a head trauma patient?

A

Minimize intracranial pressure

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14
Q

How do you keep ICP low?

A

High PaO2

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15
Q

How does a high PaCO2 help keep ICP low?

A

Keeps cerebral blood flow low w/o causing hypoxia

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16
Q

What is the Cushing’s reflex?

A

Bradycardia and hypertension in response to ICP

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17
Q

Why does the Cushing’s reflex occur?

A

Increased ICP = increased BP via vasoconstriction = decreased HR

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18
Q

Why should you not intervene to decrease blood pressure in a head trauma patient?

A

You might eliminate cerebral blood flow and kill the patient

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19
Q

Usually causes a hypermetric/exaggerated gait and the patient may have a sway

A

Cerebellar disease

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20
Q

An animal w/hx of progressive tetraparesis, weakly ambulatory, and delayed CP in all 4 feet, and has a megaesophagus on rads has what disease?

A

Myasthenia gravis

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21
Q

What test do you do to dx myasthenia gravis?

A

Tensilon test

22
Q

What drug is used to perform a tensilon test for myasthenia gravis?

A

Edrophonium

23
Q

What is coonhound paralysis?

A

Idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

24
Q

What disease is assoc. w/raccoon exposure?

A

Coonhound paralysis/idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

25
Q

Acutely progressive ascending paralysis in pelvic limbs and progressing to forelimbs

A

Coonhound paralysis/idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

26
Q

Diffusely affects all motor nerves

A

Coonhound paralysis/idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis

27
Q

Embolus of disc material in the spinal vasculature

A

Fibrocartilagenous embolism (FCE)

28
Q

What is the onset of FCE?

A

Acute

29
Q

Non-painful myelopathy that still has superficial and deep pain perception and some motor function in the pelvic limbs

A

FCE

30
Q

How will patellar and gastrocnemius reflexes be affected by FCE?

A

Hyperreflexive

31
Q

Which spinal segment is a FCE usually localized?

A

T3-L3

32
Q

What is the prognosis of FCE?

A

Most get better with nursing care

33
Q

What is a negative px indicators assoc. w/FCE?

A

Loss of motor neuron signs

34
Q

Which breed is predisposed to canine degenerative myelopathy?

A

GSD

35
Q

What age of onset does canine degenerative myelopathy present in GSDs?

A

5-9yo

36
Q

What disease of GSD is often confused with hip dysplasia?

A

Canine degenerative myelopathy

37
Q

Progressive degenerative spinal cord disease that causes random axonal degeneration

A

Canine degenerative myelopathy

38
Q

Cervical stenosis/wedging of the vertebral canal, vertebral malalignment, vertebral instability

A

Cervical spondylopathy

39
Q

Which dog breeds are predisposed to cervical spondylopathy?

A

Doberman pinschers, great danes

40
Q

Which horse breed is predisposed to cervical spondylopathy?

A

Thoroughbreds

41
Q

Slowly progressive sporadic ataxia and paresis of all 4 limbs

A

Cervical spondylopathy

42
Q

What clinical signs will you see with cervical spondylopathy?

A

UMN signs to all 4 limbs, delayed CP, neck pain w/ventroflexion

43
Q

What type of neck pain is assoc. w/cervical spondylopathy?

A

Pain w/ventroflexion

44
Q

Which breed is most predisposed to hydrocephalus?

A

Teacup chihuahua

45
Q

How does bacteria get to the spinal cord to cause discospondylitis?

A

Hematogenous spread

46
Q

What will you see on rads of a discospondylitis cases?

A

Vertebral endplate lysis

47
Q

How do you treat discospondylitis?

A

ID underlying infection, abx, sx if neuro deficits are severe

48
Q

What type of lesion usually occurs after trauma and causes Horner’s on the affected sign and dragging of the affected limb?

A

Brachial plexus avulsion

49
Q

How are CP, motor, and pain in the affected limb altered with a brachial plexus avulsion?

A

All are absent

50
Q

How do you treat a brachial plexus avulsion?

A

Leg amputation

51
Q

What is a negative px indicator for a brachial plexus avulsion?

A

Lack of deep pain/motor function

Neurology (19 decks)

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