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Neurology > Cranial Nerve Exam and Diseases > Flashcards

Cranial Nerve Exam and Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve in CN 1?

A

Olfactory

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2
Q

Which nerve is CN 2?

A

Optic

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3
Q

Which nerve is CN 3?

A

Oculomotor

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4
Q

Which nerve is CN 4?

A

Trochlear

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5
Q

Which nerve is CN 5?

A

Trigeminal

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6
Q

Which nerve is CN 6?

A

Abducens

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7
Q

Which nerve is CN 7?

A

Facial

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8
Q

Which nerve is CN 8?

A

Vestibulocochlear

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9
Q

Which nerve is CN 9?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

Which nerve is CN 10?

A

Vagus

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11
Q

Which nerve is CN 11?

A

Accessory

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12
Q

Which nerve is CN 12?

A

Hypoglossal

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13
Q

A lesion of this CN causes dysphonia, dysphagia, abnormal vocalizing, and megaesophagus

A

CN 10 (vagus)

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14
Q

Otitis media can cause deficits in which CN?

A

CN 9 (vestibulocochlear)

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15
Q

Vestibular signs like nystagmus will be seen with deficits in which CN?

A

CN 9 (vestibulocochlear)

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16
Q

Which CN provides motor innervation to the lateral rectus and part of the retractor bulbi muscles?

A

CN 6 (abducens)

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17
Q

A lesion in CN 6 (abducens) will cause what signs?

A

Medial strabismus (loss of fxn pulls globe medially)

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18
Q

What muscle closes the eyes?

A

Orbicularis oculi miuscle

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19
Q

Which CN closes the eyes?

A

CN 7 (facial)

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20
Q

Which CN opens the eyes?

A

CN 3 (oculomotor)

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21
Q

Which muscle opens the eyes?

A

Levator palpebrae superioris

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22
Q

Which muscles does CN 3 (oculomotor) provide sympathetic innervation to?

A

Levator palpebrae superioris, dorsal/medial/ventral rectus muscles

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23
Q

Which nerve do you assess with dazzle reflex?

A

Optic (CN 2)

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24
Q

Which nerves do you assess w/PLR?

A

Optic and oculomotor (CN 2 and 3)

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25
Q

What does CN3 (oculomotor) provide parasympathetic innervation to?

A

Iris sphincter muscles

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26
Q

Which CN innervates the dorsal oblique muscle of the eye?

A

CN 4 (trochlear)

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27
Q

What branch of the trigeminal nerve provides motor innervation to the muscles of mastication?

A

Mandibular branch

28
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to the eyes, eyelid, and cornea?

A

Ophthalmic branch

29
Q

Which branch of the trigeminal nerve provides sensory innervation to the face, pinnae, and nasal septum?

A

Maxillary branch

30
Q

Which reflex assesses the trigeminal and facial nerves?

A

Palpebral

31
Q

A lesion in CN 4 (trochlear) will cause what clinical sign?

A

Medial strabismus

32
Q

Which portion of the tongue (taste) is innervated by the facial nerve?

A

Rostral 2/3

33
Q

What are clinical sings of a lesion in the facial nerve (CN 7)?

A

Inability to blink, corneal ulceration, muzzle deviation

34
Q

Which CN is assessed with a menace response?

A

CN 7 (facial)

35
Q

Deficits in which CN can cause exposure keratitis due-to lacrimation defects?

A

CN 7 (facial)

36
Q

Progressive muscle loss on the skull and atrophy of the masseter and temporalis muscle on the affected side indicate which neuropathy?

A

Trigeminal (CN 5) neuropathy

37
Q

With a trigeminal neuropathy, are clinical signs uni- or bilateral?

A

Unilateral

38
Q

How do you ddx trigeminal neuropathy from masticatory muscle myositis?

A

Myositis is bilateral

39
Q

Autoimmune condition that leads to atrophy of the masseter and temporalis muscle bilaterally

A

Masticatory muscle myositis

40
Q

Which CN mediates the sense of smell?

A

CN 1 (olfactory)

41
Q

Which CN rarely has a primary neurologic problem?

A

CN 1 (olfactory)

42
Q

Which CN carries visual signals from the retina to the occipital lobe of the brain?

A

CN 2 (optic)

43
Q

How can you examine the optic nerve (CN 2)?

A

Menace, PLR, dazzle

44
Q

Which CN provides motor to most of the extraocular muscles and for pupil constriction?

A

CN 3 (oculomotor)

45
Q

How do you examine the oculomotor nerve (CN 3)

A

Physiologic nystagmus when turning head, PLR

46
Q

Which CN provides motor function to the dorsal oblique extraocular muscle and rolls the globe medially?

A

CN 4 (trochlear)

47
Q

How do you examine the trochlear nerve (CN 4)?

A

Check for dorsolateral rotation of the pupil

48
Q

Which CN provides motor function to the muscles of mastication and sensory function to the eyelids, cornea, tongue, nasal mucosa, and mouth?

A

CN 5 (trigeminal)

49
Q

Which CN provides motor function to the lateral rectus extraocular muscle and retractor bulbi?

A

CN 6 (abducens)

50
Q

Which CN provides motor function to muscles of facial expression and sensory function to the medial pinna?

A

CN 7 (facial)

51
Q

Which CN provides taste to the rostral tongue and parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal and some salivary glands?

A

CN 7 (facial)

52
Q

Which CN provides sensory input for hearing and head position?

A

CN 8 (vestibulocochlear)

53
Q

Which CN provides innervation to the pharynx for swallowing, innervates some salivary glands, and provides taste to the caudal tongue?

A

CN 9 (glossopharyngeal)

54
Q

How can you examine the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)?

A

Elicit gag reflex and check for dysphagia

55
Q

Which CN innervates the larynx, esophagus, and pharynx?

A

CN 10 (vagus)

56
Q

Which CN provides parasympathetic innervation to the heart and viscera?

A

CN 10 (vagus)

57
Q

Which CN innervates the cranial cervical muscles and is rarely a clinical problem?

A

CN 11 (accessory)

58
Q

Which CN provides motor function to the tongue?

A

CN 12 (hypoglossal)

59
Q

A syndrome seen in dogs w/peracute onset of a dropped jaw and inability to close the mouth

A

Idiopathic trigeminal neuritis

60
Q

Dogs are normally alert and responsive w/o other sensory deficits and don’t have difficulty swallowing food

A

Idiopathic trigeminal neuritis

61
Q

How do you treat idiopathic trigeminal neuritis?

A

Supportive care, fluids, hand feeding

62
Q

How quickly can trigeminal neuritis dogs regain function?

A

1-2wk (normal again in 3-4wk)

63
Q

Acute onset of inability to blink, drooping lip and ear, and drooling from one side of the mouth

A

Idiopathic facial nerve paralysis

64
Q

How is facial sensation affected by facial nerve paralysis?

A

Normal

65
Q

How is the eye affected by facial nerve paralysis?

A

Prone to exposure keratitis and corneal ulceration

66
Q

What is the best treatment for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis?

A

Tear supplementation, immunosuppressants, supportive care

67
Q

What is the prognosis for idiopathic facial nerve paralysis?

A

Fair (complete recovery doesn’t occur)

Neurology (19 decks)

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