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Neurology > Misc Neuro Diseases in Horses > Flashcards

Misc Neuro Diseases in Horses Flashcards

1
Q

This is usually caused from laying in lateral recumbency for too long

A

Radial nerve paralysis

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2
Q

Which nerve is susceptible to damage from pressure of laying in lateral recumbency?

A

Radial nerve

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3
Q

What are clinical signs of radial nerve paralysis?

A

Dropped elbow and flexed carpus, drags limb, unable to advance limb

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4
Q

How do you treat radial nerve paralysis?

A

Rapid/aggressive nursing care

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5
Q

What type of fracture is seen in horses that rear up and flip backward?

A

Basisphenoid/basioccipital fractures

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6
Q

What clinical signs will you see with a basilar fracture?

A

Unilateral head tilt, drooping ear, muzzle deviation

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7
Q

Which cranial nerves can be damaged with a basilar fracture?

A

CN 7 and 8

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8
Q

Common form of traumatic nerve injury in foals

A

Basilar bone fracture

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9
Q

Where do horses get Sarcocystis neurona (EPM)?

A

Opposum

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10
Q

What age range is affected by EPM?

A

1-6yo

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11
Q

Vague asymmetric neuro signs w/muscle atrophy and ataxia

A

EPM

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12
Q

What are the three As of EPM?

A

Asymmetry, ataxia, atrophy

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13
Q

How do you dx EPM?

A

Serum and CSF immunoblotting (Western blot)

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14
Q

How do you treat EPM?

A

Ponazuril

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15
Q

Inflammation of nerve roots

A

Cauda equina neuritis

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16
Q

What type of neuro signs does cauda equine neuritis cause?

A

LMN signs

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17
Q

What treatment options are there for cauda equine neuritis?

A

None

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18
Q

Chewing on tail head, hypotonic anus, fecal retention, hindlimb ataxia are clinical signs of what disease?

A

Cauda equina neuritis

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19
Q

How can you tell if a horse has urinary incontinence?

A

Urine scalding of thighs

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20
Q

What is Wobbler Syndrome?

A

Cervical vertebral stenotic mylopathy

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21
Q

What is the first form of wobbler syndrome?

A

Cervical vertebral instability

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22
Q

Ventroflexion of neck causes spinal cord compression at C3-C4

A

Cervical vertebral instability

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23
Q

What is the second form of wobbler syndrome?

A

Cervical static stenosis

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24
Q

Compression of spinal cord continuous regardless of neck position

A

Cervical static stenosis

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25
Q

What age is usually affected by wobbler syndrome?

A

Less than 1yo

26
Q

What clinical signs will you see with wobbler syndrome?

A

Wide based stance and symmetrical hindlimb spasticity, ataxia, and CP deficits

27
Q

Are wobbler syndrome clinical signs symmetric or asymetric?

A

Symmetric

28
Q

How do you treat wobbler syndrome?

A

Sx to stabilize cervical vertebrae and decompress spinal cord

29
Q

What can you give a wobbler syndrome case for pain relief short term?

A

Anti-inflammatories and stall rest

30
Q

Aberrant migration of parasites through that CNS

A

Verminous myelitis

31
Q

Presents similar to EPM w/muscle atrophy and ataxia but incoordination is present in all 4 limbs

A

Verminous myelitis

32
Q

What parasites undergo aberrant migration that could cause verminous myelitis?

A

Strongylus vulgaris, Micronemia deletrix, Draschia megastoma, Setaria

33
Q

How do you treat for strongyles that cause verminous myelitis?

A

Ivermectin

34
Q

Which breed is predisposed to cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

Arabians

35
Q

When does cerebellar abiotrophy start to develop?

A

Around 6mo

36
Q

What is the etiology of cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

Unknown

37
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for the coordination and regulation of range, rate, and strength of movement along with balance and posture?

A

Cerebellum

38
Q

How will mentation be affected by cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

Normal

39
Q

What are clinical signs of cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

Ataxia and hypermetria, intention tremors, hyperreflexia

40
Q

How do you treat cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

No treatment

41
Q

What disease is usually assoc. w/Vit E deficiency?

A

Equine degeneratie myeloencephalopathy (EDM)

42
Q

What age is typically affected by EDM?

A

Less than 1yo

43
Q

Symmetrical ataxia (worse in hindlimbs), generalized weakness, CP deficits, and spasticity are all assoc. w/which disease?

A

EDM

44
Q

How do you dx EDM?

A

Find lesion in caudal brainstem neuclei and spinal cord on histo

45
Q

What virus causes vasculitis of the CNS?

A

Equine herpes myeloencephalopathy

46
Q

Usually affects multiple horses at the same time

A

Equine herpes myeloencephalopathy

47
Q

Dog sitting and intermittent urine dribbling are clinical signs of what disease?

A

Equine herpes myeloencephalopathy

48
Q

What is the onset of clinical signs assoc. w/equine herpes myeloencephalopathy?

A

Acute

49
Q

Midline defect of the cerebellum and cystic dilation of the 4th ventricle

A

Dandy-Walker syndrome

50
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to Dandy-Walker syndrome even though it is still a rare disease in both?

A

Arabians and Thoroughbreds

51
Q

What is one of the most common neuro diseases observed in horses of various ages and breeds?

A

EMP

52
Q

What is the causative agent of EPM?

A

Sarcocystis neurona

53
Q

What is the definitive host of S. neurona?

A

Opossum

54
Q

What type of hose is the horse for S. neurona?

A

Aberrant/dead-end host

55
Q

What dx tests can you use for EPM?

A

Western blot, IFAT, PCR

56
Q

Causes resp dz, abortion, and less commonly neuro disease

A

EHV-1

57
Q

When EHV-1 does cause neuro disease, what is the pathophys?

A

Vasculitis in the CNS

58
Q

What is treatment for EHV-1 myeloencephalopathy?

A

Supportive, steroids, acyclovir

59
Q

What is the px for horses w/EHM?

A

Variable

60
Q

This disease of young horses is assoc. w/lack of anti-oxidants such and Vit E and selenium in diet

A

Equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy

61
Q

What are causes of viral encephalitis in horses?

A

WNV, Eastern/Western/Venezuelan encephalitis

Neurology (19 decks)

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