Neurophysiology: Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Limbic System, & Cerebellum

Question 1

A sensory and motor relay and integration center; it processes sensory and motor info and channels it to appropriate areas.

Answer 1

Thalamus

Question 2

All sensory info except what, passes through the thalamus in order to be transmitted to the cerebral cortex?

Answer 2

smell

Question 3

What is a disorder of the thalamus where the pt has tumors in the thalamus causing a vague sense of pain without the ability to localize it?

Answer 3

Thalamic pain syndrome

Question 4

The Hypothalamus is a vital interface between what 2 systems?

Answer 4

Reticular formation (reticular activating system) and the endocrine system

Question 5

A complex network of nuclei and fibers located in the brainstem and projecting to all parts of the cortex; receives input from and projects to many different areas of the CNS.

Answer 5

Reticular formation

Question 6

What is the reticular activating system involved in?

Answer 6

arousal (alert consciousness)

Question 7

What is a function of the Hypothalamus that is due to the link of the Endocrine system to the RAS?

Answer 7

maintaining sleep/wake cycles and menstrual cycles

Question 8

The Hypothalamus contains the neural centers for thirst and hunger; stimulation of what, causes overeating?

Answer 8

lateral hypothalamus

Question 9

The hypothalamus interacts with the external environment by what?

Answer 9

Limbic system

Question 10

Group of nuclei and fiber tracts that form a ring around the brainstem; Assigns value to situations; reward and punishment.

Answer 10

Limbic System

Question 11

Name the 4 structures of the Limbic System.

Answer 11

1. Cingulate gyrus
2. Amygdala (agression/fear)
3. Hippocampus (memory)
4. Septal nuclei

Question 12

The structures (4) of the Limbic system connect with the thalamus and hypothalamus called the …, but NOT with cerebral hemispheres - limited ability to control emotions

Answer 12

Paper circuit

Question 13

The cerebrum consists of the … and the …. By its integral activity it generates GOAL DIRECTED human behavior.

Answer 13

neocortex and limbic system

Question 14

What tends to regular the precise spatiotemporal communication with the environment and the formal intellectual and stereognostic capabilities?

Answer 14

Neocortex

Question 15

This structure is purely motor in function (motor control and motor learning); it is the “secretary” for all parts of the brain, organizing outputs to smooth and coordinated movement.

Answer 15

Cerebellum

Question 16

What side of the body does the cerebellum control motion (unlike the cerebral cortex)?

Answer 16

ipsilateral

Question 17

A disorder of the cerebellum; disturbance with coordinating movement, muscle tone, and/or posture (like a drunk person).

Answer 17

Ataxia

Question 18

A disorder of the cerebellum; overshooting of movements

Answer 18

Dysmetria

Question 19

A disorder of the cerebellum; decreased ability to perform rapid alternating opposite movements.

Answer 19

Dysdiadochokinesia

Question 20

A disorder of the cerebellum; oscillation

Answer 20

Intention tremor