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Physiology > GI-Hormones > Flashcards

GI-Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Which Gastrin is released between meals?

A

Big Gastrin

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2
Q

Which Gastrin hormone is produced during a meal?

A

Little Gastrin

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3
Q

Gastrin is released in response to luminal contact of products of …

A

protein digestion; small peptides, AAs, physical distention, and secretagogues (Ca, coffee, wine)

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4
Q

What is Gastrin mediated by?

A

GRP; Bombesin

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5
Q

What is the action of Gastrin?

A

stimulate gastric acid secretion (by parietal cells) and growth of gastric oxyntic gland mucosa

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6
Q

Where is CCK released from?

A

I-cells of the Duodenal and Jejunal Mucosae

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7
Q

CCK is released in response to chemoreception of …

A

peptides, AAs, FFAs, and to a lesser extent H+

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8
Q

CCK produces contraction of the …, and relaxation of the …

A

Gall Bladder; Sphincter of Oddi

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9
Q

CCK potentiates the actions of …

A

Secretin

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10
Q

What does CCK inhibit?

A

Gastric Emptying

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11
Q

What elicits Secretin release?

A

pH

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12
Q

What does Secretin stimulate?

A

Pancreatic, Liver, and Intestinal water and bicarb secretion; increases the secretion of Pepsinogen from Chief Cells of the Stomach

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13
Q

What does Secretin Inhibit?

A

Gastric acid secretion and reduces the effects of Gastrin

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14
Q

Where is GIP released from?

A

K-Cells in duodenum and jejunum

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15
Q

What is the releasing stimuli of GIP?

A

Oral glucose, FFA, AAs, and acid

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16
Q

What is the action of GIP?

A

insulin release from beta cells of the Pancreas

17
Q

What does GIP inhibit?

A

gastric acid secretions

18
Q

What GI Hormone will not be found during or within 5 hours of a meal?

A

Motilin

19
Q

Pancreatic Polypeptide is released from the pancreas in response to …

A

protein-rich chyme (major stimulus), fat and carbohydrates

20
Q

What is the action of Pancreatic Polypeptide?

A

Inhibits the release of Pancreatic enzymes and bicarb secretion

21
Q

Enteroglucagon is released in response to…

A

glucose and/or fat in the chyme (last ditch effort to absorb glucose)

22
Q

What does Enteroglucagon stimulate?

A

Hepatic Bile Flow

23
Q

What does Enteroglucagon inhibit?

A

Acid secretion and motility

24
Q

Somatostatin is released in response to …

A

Acid

25
Q

What does Somatostatin inhibit?

A

Gastrin release, other peptide hormones, and Gastric acid secretion

26
Q

In what cells is Histamine synthesized and stored in?

A

ECL-cells of the gastric mucosa

27
Q

What is the action of Histamine?

A

Gastric Acid Secretion (HCl)

28
Q

What are the releasing stimuli of Histamine?

A

Gastrin, ACh, inflammation

29
Q

What are the actions of VIP?

A

Relaxes sphincters and gut circular muscle, Stimulates intestinal mucosa to release pancreatic fluid, bicarb, water, and electrolytes

30
Q

What produces NO?

A

neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)

31
Q

What is the function of NO?

A

relaxation of the LES during deglutition (swallowing)

Physiology (16 decks)

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