Neuropathology of Select Clinical Case Examples

Question 1

what tumors are intradural and intraparenchymal (intramedullary)?

Answer 1

glioma

Question 2

what is the most common intracranial neoplasm in dogs?

Answer 2

meningioma

Question 3

how many canine mengingiomas are invasive?

Answer 3

50%

Question 4

who are nephroblastomas seen in?

Answer 4

young dogs: 5 months to 4 years
german shepherds

Question 5

where does nephroblastoma arise?

Answer 5

T10-L2
rarely metastasizes within CNS to form multiple masses

Question 6

what is confirmatory of nephroblastoma?

Answer 6

IHC for WT-1 (wilm’s tumor)

Question 7

do histiocytic sarcomas occur in cats?

Answer 7

rarely

Question 8

what is primary CNS histiocytic sarcoma thought to arise from?

Answer 8

population of dendritic cells that resides in arachnoid

Question 9

what are the types of benign nerve sheath neoplasms?

Answer 9

schwannoma
neurofibroma
perineurioma

Question 10

where are schwannomas most common?

Answer 10

nerve roots and cranial nerves (V and VIII)

Question 11

where do parosteal osteosarcomas arise from?

Answer 11

outer fibrous layer of periosteum

Question 12

where do periosteal osteosarcomas arise from?

Answer 12

undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of periosteum

Question 13

what are multiple myelomas/plasma cell tumors a primary tumor of?

Answer 13

bone

Question 14

who are multiple myelomas/plasma cell tumors most common in?

Answer 14

dogs
less so in cats

Question 15

what type of neoplasm is hemangiosarcoma?

Answer 15

endothelial cells

Question 16

where can primary hemangiosarcoma occur (that affects the spinal cord)?

Answer 16

tissues around spinal cord
compressive damage to cord

Question 17

who is canine degenerative myelopathy most common in?

Answer 17

large breed dogs

Question 18

what are the key histologic findings of canine degenerative myelopathy?

Answer 18

dilation of myelin sheath
axonal swelling and fragmentation
phagocytosis of axonal and myelin debris (digestion chambers)

Question 19

what does fibrocartilagenous embolic myelopathy cause?

Answer 19

hemorrhagic/ischemic infarction along spinal cord of dogs
sometimes other species

Question 20

what can cause verminous myelitis in camelids?

Answer 20

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis

Question 21

what tumors are intradural and extraparenchymal?

Answer 21

meningioma
lymphoma
nerve sheath tumor
nephroblastoma
histiocytic sarcoma

Question 22

what are some extradural tumors?

Answer 22

osteosarcoma
chondrosarcoma
other sarcomas
plasma cell tumor

Question 23

can histiocytic sarcoma cells be picked up with CSF analysis?

Answer 23

yes- can exfoliate into CSF