Neurological Diseases Depression Flashcards
what is depression characterised by
major depressive disorder
misery
low self esteem
worthlessness
loss of motivation and energy
weight or appetite alterations
insomnia
suicide risk
what factors contribute to depression
genetic factors although gene as yet unknown
trauma, life events, abuse, illness
when were antidepressants first introduced
in the 1950s, not originally designed for depression
what is iproniazid
a drug with anti depressant activity
originally used to treat tuberculosis
inhibits activity of monoamine oxidase
what term was used for antidepressants originally
mono amine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
what is MAO and how what does it do
mono amine oxidase breaks down neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft
what is imipramine
a drug, discovered in the 50s, antidepressant properties were incidental
tricyclicantidepressent
inhibits neurotransmitter reuptake in presynaptic cell
what is the monoamine deficiency hypothesis
lack of monoamine neurotransmitters
symptoms improved by increase in synaptic concentration of monoamines
what neurotransmitters moderate depression in the monoamine deficiency hypothesis
5ht(hydroxytriptamine)
noradrenaline
dopamine
what are the modes of action in the monoamine hypothesis treatment
inhibition of monoamine reuptake
inhibition of nt breakdown
what are some theories as to why nt loss is present in the ma theory of depression
increased activity of mao
loss of function in ma synthases
altered sensitivity
what is reserpine
drug used to treat hypertension
observation showed it induced a depression like syndrome
empties nerve terminals of monoamine nts
used for animal model of depression
what is an issue with the monoamine hypothesis
likely an oversimplification
what are some treatment types for depression
medication
psychotherapy
what are the three main classes of antidepressant
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
tricylic reuptake inhibiors
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
