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Neurosciences > Neurochemical pathways > Flashcards

Neurochemical pathways Flashcards

1
Q

Three types of dopaminergic pathways

A

Long paths
Short paths
Ultra-short paths

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2
Q

Long dopaminergic pathways

A

Nigrostriatal
Mesocortical
Mesolimbic

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3
Q

Short dopaminergic pathways

A

Tuberoinfundibular

Incertohypothalamic

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4
Q

Origin and destination of the nigrostriatal pathway

A

Substantia nigra to the striatum and amygdala

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5
Q

Effect of dopamine blockade on the nigrostriatal pathway

A

Extrapyramidal side effects

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6
Q

Origin and destination of the mesolimbic pathway

A

Ventral tegmental area to the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus

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7
Q

Effect of dopamine blockade on the mesolimbic pathway

A

Controls positive psychotic symptoms

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8
Q

Origin and destination of the mesocortical pathway

A

Ventral tegmental area to the cingulate cortex and prefrontal regions

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9
Q

Effect of dopamine blockade on the mesocortical pathway

A

Negative symptoms - alogia, anhedonia, apathy

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10
Q

Origin and destination of the tuberoinfundibular pathway

A

Hypothalamus to the pituitary

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11
Q

Effect of dopamine blockade on the tuberoinfundibular pathway

A

Increased prolactin levels

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12
Q

Course of the incertohypothalamic pathway

A

Internal connections within the hypothalamus

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13
Q

Effect of dopamine blockade on the incertohypothalamic pathway

A

Poor thermoregulation

Weight gain

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14
Q

Dopaminergic pathway which is crucial for motor control

A

Nigrostriatal

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15
Q

Two major cholinergic pathways

A

Brainstem pathway

Basal forebrain pathway

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16
Q

Function of the brainstem pathway

A

Maintaining wakefulness and REM sleep

17
Q

System which the brainstem pathway forms part of

A

Ascending reticular activating system

18
Q

Origin of the basal forebrain pathway

A

Nucleus basalis of Meynert

19
Q

Disease associated with degeneration of the basal forebrain pathway

A

Alzheimer’s disease

20
Q

Origin of most of the brain’s serotonergic pathways

A

Dorsal and median rafe nuclei

21
Q

Origin of the noradrenergic pathways

A

Pons

22
Q

Type of pathway which makes up most of the corona radiata

A

Glutamatergic

23
Q

Type of pathway which makes up thalamocortical projections

A

Glutamatergic

24
Q

Most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

A

Glutamatergic

25
Q

Most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

A

GABAergic system

26
Q

Type of neurons which are majority GABAergic

A

Interneurons

27
Q

Two major types of interneurons

A

Parvalbumin expressing interneurons

Somatostatin expressing interneurons

28
Q

Two subtypes of parvalbumin expressing interneurons

A

Basket cells

Chandelier cells

29
Q

Dopamine pathway which is responsible for increased salience to unimportant events in schizophrenia

A

Mesolimbic

30
Q

Dopaminergic pathway referred to as the reward pathway

A

Mesolimbic

Neurosciences (16 decks)

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