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Neurosciences > Lobar functions and cognitive testing > Flashcards

Lobar functions and cognitive testing Flashcards

1
Q

Lobe assessed during similarities test

A

Frontal

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2
Q

Test where two objects are compared to test the ability to categorise them

A

Similarities

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3
Q

Lobe assessed during lexical fluency test

A

Frontal

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4
Q

Description of lexical fluency test

A

Naming objects within a category (food, animals) or words starting with a certain letter

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5
Q

Lobe assessed during Luria motor test

A

Frontal

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6
Q

Description of Luria motor test

A

Testing ability to learn a pattern.
Hand it placed on the table in the pattern fist, edge, palm
Patient watches someone do this, does it with them, then does it alone

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7
Q

Lobe assessed during go/no go test

A

Frontal

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8
Q

Description of go/no go test

A

Person is given a pattern e.g. ‘if I clap once, you clap twice; if I clap twice, you clap once’
Tested on this pattern
Pattern is then changed e.g. ‘if I clap once you clap once; if I clap twice you don’t clap’
Tests response inhibition, set shifting and perseveration

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9
Q

Lobe assessed during cognitive estimates test

A

Frontal

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10
Q

Description of cognitive estimates test

A

Questions are asked which are likely not known exactly
E.g. ‘how far can an adult walk in an afternoon’
Tests abstract thinking

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11
Q

Lobe assessed during trails making test

A

Frontal (although not specific for frontal lobe)

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12
Q

Description of trails A test

A

Numbers within circles are joined going lowest to highest

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13
Q

Description of trails B test

A

Alternating numbers and letters are joined lowest to highest i.e. 1 - A - 2 - B etc.

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14
Q

Lobe assessed during proverb interpretation test

A

Frontal

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15
Q

Lobe assessed during copying shapes test

A

Parietal

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16
Q

Lobe assessed during test to identify fingers

A

Parietal

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17
Q

Lobe assessed during testing of simple arithmetic

A

Parietal

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18
Q

Lobe assessed during testing for graphesthesia (ability to recognise letters or numbers being drawn on the skin without looking)

A

Parietal

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19
Q

Lobe assessed during testing for graphesthesia (ability to recognise letters or numbers being drawn on the skin without looking)

A

Parietal

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20
Q

Lobe assessed during testing of right/left discrimination

A

Parietal

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21
Q

Lobe assessed during testing of stereognosis

A

Parietal

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22
Q

Description of stereognosis

A

Ability to recognise objects by palpation

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23
Q

Lobe assessed during testing of two point discrimination

A

Parietal

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24
Q

Lobe assessed during testing of visual inattention

A

Parietal

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25
Q

Common tests of visual inattention

A

Letter or star cancellation
Line bisection
Draw a person
Draw a tree

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26
Q

Domain tested in digit span testing

A

Attention

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27
Q

Domain tested in trails A test

A

Attention

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28
Q

Domain tested in Boston naming test

A

Language

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29
Q

Domain tested in verbal fluency tests

A

Language

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30
Q

Domain tested in Ray-Osterrieth complex figure test

A

Visuospatial skills

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31
Q

Domain tested in Wisconsin card sort test

A

Executive function

32
Q

Domain tested in Stroop test

A

Executive function

33
Q

Domain tested in Trails B test

A

Executive function

34
Q

Domain tested in Wechsler memory scale

35
Q

Domain tested in Ray auditory verbal learning test

36
Q

Lobe assessed during Tower of London test

37
Q

Description of Tower of London test

A

Two pegs on a board have rings of different colours

Presented with problem solving tasks which have to be solved

38
Q

Six subsets of a frontal assessment battery

A

Conceptualisation - similarities, abstract reasoning
Mental flexibility - words beginning with a letter/in a category
Motor programming - Luria
Conflicting instructions - first part of no/go/no
Inhibitory control - second part of no/go/no
Prehension behaviour - ask patient not to touch your hands when you put them out

39
Q

Features of unilateral frontal lobe lesions

A 
Contralateral spastic hemiplegia
Elevation of mood, inappropriate speech
Frontal release signs
Anosmia
If left lobe - motor speech issues, loss of fluency (Broca's aphasia), agraphia
40
Q

Primitive reflexes which are normal in infancy and usually a sign of frontal lobe disorder if present in adults

A

Frontal release signs

41
Q

Examples of frontal release signs

A 
Rooting reflex
Sucking reflex
Glabellar reflex
Palmar grasp
Palmomental reflex
Snout reflex
42
Q

Frontal release sign where an object placed in the palm is naturally grasped

A

Palmar reflex

43
Q

Frontal release sign where stroking a certain point on the hand causes the chin to twitch

A

Palmomental reflex

44
Q

Frontal release sign where the head is turned in the direction of anything that strokes it

A

Rooting reflex

45
Q

Frontal release sign where the person naturally sucks if anything touches the roof of its mouth

A

Sucking reflex

46
Q

Frontal release sign where the lips are pursed when tapped lightly

A

Snout reflex

47
Q

Frontal release sign where blinking is initiated on repetitive tapping of the glabella (if not present blinking will occur the first few times but will then stop out of habituation)

A

Glabellar reflex

48
Q

Term for symptoms found in frontal lobe disease where there is the tendency to make puns, tell inappropriate jokes, and be unable to recognise sarcasm

A

Witzelsucht

49
Q

Features of a bilateral frontal lobe lesion

A

Bilateral hemiplegia
Spastic bulbar palsy
Abulia
Sphincter incompetence

50
Q

Type of seizure where there is a sudden burst of laughter, usually without associated happiness

A

Gelastic seizure

51
Q

Lesions associated with a gelastic seizure

A

Hypothalamic hamartoma

Frontal lobe lesions

52
Q

Features of a unilateral parietal lobe lesion

A 
Contralateral sensory loss
Mild contralateral hemiparesis
Inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
Astereognosis (tactile agnosia)
Apraxias
If R lesion - contralateral neglect and anosognosia
If L lesion - Gerstmann's syndrome
53
Q

Features of Gerstmann’s syndrome

A

Agraphia
Acalculia
Finger agnosia
Right-left confusion

54
Q

Syndrome usually caused by bilateral parietal or parieto-occipital lesions

A

Balint syndrome

55
Q

Features of Balint syndrome

A

Simultanagnosia - inability to perceive simultaneous events visually
Oculomotor apraxia - inability to fixate the eyes
Optic ataxia - inability to move the hand to a specific place using vision

56
Q

Features of a unilateral temporal lobe lesion

A

Homonymous upper quadrantanopia
Complex hallucinations - smell, sound etc.
If L lesion - fluent aphasia (Wernicke’s aphasia), dyslexia, word agnosia
If R lesion - impaired non-verbal memory, impaired musical skills, amusia (difficulty recognising pitch)

57
Q

Features of a bilateral temporal lobe lesion

A 
Apathy
Dream-like states
Disturbances of time perception
Hypermetamorphopsia (compulsion to attend to all visual stimuli)
Amnesia, Korsakoff syndrome
Klüver–Bucy syndrome
58
Q

Features of Klüver–Bucy syndrome

A 
Compulsive eating
Hypersexuality
Hyperorality (insertion of inappropriate objects into the mouth)
Visual agnosia
Docility
59
Q

Syndrome with five core features seen in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

A

Geschwind syndrome

60
Q

Features of Geschwind syndrome

A 
Hypergraphia
Hyperreligiosity
Atypical sexuality (usually reduced)
Non-linear thought patterns, circumstantiality
Intensified mental life
61
Q

Features of a unilateral occipital lobe lesion

A 
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Elementary lesions
Visual illusions
Visual agnosia
If deep white matter or corpus callosum involved - alexia, colour naming defects
62
Q

Features of bilateral occipital lobe lesions

A

Cortical blindness with reactive pupils
Anton syndrome
Achromatopsia

63
Q

Features of Anton syndrome

A

Cortical blindness but denial of same

64
Q

Areas of lesion causing prosopagnosia

A

Temporo-occipital

65
Q

Ages Wechsler adult intelligence scale III is designed for

66
Q

Three types of IQ yielded in WAIS

A

Verbal
Performance
Combined/full scale

67
Q

Verbal tests in WAIS

A 
Similarities
Arithmetic
Digit span
Vocabulary
Information
Comprehension
68
Q

Performance tests in WAIS

A 
Picture arrangement
Block design
Picture completion
Digit symbol
Matrix reasoning/object assembly
69
Q

Type of tests within WAIS which are supposed to be age related decline in ability

A

Hold tests

70
Q

Type of tests within WAIS which are not supposed to be resistant to age related decline in performance

A

Non-hold tests

71
Q

Hold tests within WAIS

A

Vocabulary
Information
Object assembly
Picture completion

72
Q

Non-hold tests within WAIS

A

Block design
Digit span
Similarities
Digit symbol

73
Q

IQ test which is aimed to be independent of education and cultural influences

A

Raven’s progressive matrices

74
Q

IQ test which aims to test premorbid intelligence

A

National adult reading test

75
Q

Area of brain affected in Gerstmann’s syndrome

A

Left angular gyrus

76
Q

Lobe tested in verbal fluency tests

Neurosciences (16 decks)

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