Neuroanatomy 1

Question 1

This often happens with your knowing the stimuli or information

Answer 1

Integration

Question 2

This deals with the preparation of doing something/acting in response to the stimuli

Answer 2

Coordination

Question 2

This deals with the preparation of doing something/acting in response to the stimuli

Answer 2

Coordination

Question 3

What are the 2 main sections of the nervous system? What are their main components?

Answer 3

Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (peripheral nerves and ganglia)

Question 4

These are cells specialised for transmission of information/action potentials

Answer 4

Nerves

Question 5

What is the glia?

Answer 5

Provides support for neurons and has specific functions within the CNS and PNS

Question 6

These receive input via receptors and send information over to the cell body

Answer 6

Dendrites

Question 7

This contains nucleus and organelles. It sums the input sent by the dendrites.

Also known as the input zone.

Answer 7

Cell body

Question 8

These carry electrical impulses from the brain throughout the body. They may either be myelinated or unmyelinated.

Answer 8

Axons

Question 9

This is the end of an axon and usually where neurotransmitter release occurs.

Answer 9

Axon terminal

Question 10

Group of cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 11

Bundle of axons in the CNS

Answer 11

Tract

Question 12

Group of cell bodies in cerebral cortex/spinal cord (within the CNS)

Answer 12

Grey matter

Question 13

Bundle of axons in cerebral cortex/spinal cord (within the CNS)

Answer 13

White matter

Question 14

Group of cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 14

Ganglion/ganglia

Question 15

Bundle of axons in the PNS

Answer 15

Nerves

Question 16

What is the input zone?

Answer 16

• it is composed of dendrites and cell body
• receives chemical signals from other neurons

Question 17

What is the summation zone?

Answer 17

Where the summation of inputs occurs - involves axon hillock

Question 18

What is the conduction zone?

Answer 18

Where information is passed on between neuron to neuron

Involves axon terminals and release of neurotransmitter.

Question 19

Anatomical location where inputs are summated before action potential

Answer 19

Axon hillock

Question 20

These supply nutrients to neurons
Ensheath blood capillaries and are involved in injury response (in the CNS)

Answer 20

Astrocytes

Question 21

These are the immune cells of the CNS
But they also engulf microorganisms and debris

Answer 21

Microglia

Question 22

Line fluid filled spaces of the brain and spinal cord that have cilia to circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 22

Ependymal cells

Question 23

These support nerve fibres and ensheath them in myelin (in the CNS)

Answer 23

Oligodendrocytes

Question 24

These support peripheral nerve fibres and ensheath them with myelin

Answer 24

Schwann cells

Question 25

This is lipid wrapped around an axon

Answer 25

Myelin sheath

Question 26

Where does the myelin sheath come form in CNS and PNS?

Answer 26

CNS => oligodendrocytes
PNS => Schwann cells

Question 27

Gaps between myelin => increase conduction velocity

Answer 27

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 28

How does communication between neurons occur?

Answer 28

Through a synapse.

Question 29

This neuron:

-releases neurotransmitter from axon terminal
-contains synaptic vesicles
-it’s before the synapse

Answer 29

Upstream/presynaptic neuron

Question 30

This neuron:

-contains receptors for neurotransmitter
-is usually in after the synapse

Answer 30

Down stream neuron/postsynaptic neuron

Question 31

Information that goes into the brain

Answer 31

Afferent/ascending information

Question 32

Information that goes out of the brain

Answer 32

Efferent/descending information