Immunology 5 Flashcards
These are considered to be minor constituents of blood. And are the main cells involved in immunity
White blood cells
These are the most potent antigen presenting cell
Dendritic cells
Where do dendritic cells migrate to when coming from the major organs?
Lymph nodes where B and T cells are
How do antigen presenting cells present the antigen? Like what component of the antigen does it present to the MHC?
Peptide component
- quick side note, peptides are a part of carbohydrates, and are also good for biological recognition
These cells help B cells make antibodies
CD4 T cells
These cells become cytotoxic and kill virus infected cells and cancer cells
CD8 T cells
What are the 2 purposes of antigen uptake?
Antigen uptake refers to when peptides are being presented on MHC to eventually form antibodies
1) to clear pathogens (innate response)
2) for presentation to T cells (adaptive response)
These have innate immunity only.
Invertebrates
What is the main difference between the immunity of invertebrates and vertebrates?
Invertebrates have adaptive immune system only.
Whereas vertebrates have both the innate and adaptive immune system. (We, humans are vertebrates)
What is the difference in peptide loading and the degradation of antigenic proteins between MHC 1 and MHC 2? (Process of antigen processing)
MHC 1
- peptide loading occurs in the ER
- antigenic proteins are degraded in the cytoplasm
- endogenous antigen
MHC 2
- peptide loading occurs in the phagolysosome
- antigenic proteins are degraded in the phagolysosome
- exogenous antigen
Anything that can be recognised by the immune system.
Antigen
These are fragments of protein antigen that are displayed by MHC 1 and MHC 2 on cells. To be recognised
Peptides
Cell mediated immunity involves:
Activated white blood cells killing infected cells
Phagocytosis destroys microbes by:
Enzymes, low pH and nitric oxide
