Neuro-Opthalmic Disease Flashcards
what eye movement defect indicates neuro-opthamic disease?
double vision
what visual defects suggest neuro-opthalmic disease?
problems with visual acuity
visual field loss
main cause of neuro-opthalmic disease?
vascular disease
what kind of tumour causes neuro-opthalmic disease?
SOL (Space occupying lesion)
investigations for suspected neuro-opthalmic disease?
blood tests
MRI scanning
what nerve palsies affect ocular motility?
3
4
6
main function of lateral rectus muscle?
abduction
causes of CN6 palsy?
microvascular
raised ICP
tumour
congenital
main functions of superior oblique muscle?
intorsion
depression in adduction
abduction
what unilateral nerve palsy can present with the patient tilting their head?
4th nerve
main cause of bilateral 4th nerve palsy?
blunt head trauma
causes of 3rd nerve palsy?
microvascular tumour aneurysm MS congenital
patient with suspected 3rd nerve palsy who is in alot of pain?
aneurysm until proven otherwise
why do eyes move in sync with each other?
internuclear pathways
what does the medial longitudinal fasciculus do?
links the 3 main nerves in charge of moving the eye
causes of internuclear opthalmoplegia?
MS
vascular
main cause of demyelination in neuro-opthalmic disease
MS
what vascular problem most commonly causes visual field defects?
stroke
first relay centre reached by the optic nerve?
lateral geniculate bodies
where are the lateral geniculate bodies located
thalamus
what is the optic radiation?
group of axons that connect the neurons from the lateral geniculate bodies to the primary visual cortex
bilateral temporal hemianopia is a defect caused by which part of the visual pathway?
optic chiasm
if one eye was blind and the other was fine, where would the defect in the visual field be?
optic nerves before they reach the optic chiasm
what vision type would a defect in the lateral geniculate bodies present with?
can only see out of the nasal 1/4 of one eye
can only see out of the temporal 3/4 of one eye
most common cause of optic neuritis?
MS
what effect would an optic nerve defect have on your visual field?
complete visual loss
can only see upper/lower half of eye
progressive unilateral visual loss?
optic neuritis
where is pain felt in optic neuritis?
behind eye on movement
main tumour causes of an optic chiasm defect?
craniopharyngioma
meningioma
pituitary tumour
visual loss is regained after surgery of a causative pituitary tumour T or F
T
the macula is not spared in optic tract/radiation defects T or F
T
main causes of defects in the occipital cortex?
vascular disease eg stroke
demyelination
the macula is not spared in occipital cortex defects T or F
F
