Acute Red Eye Flashcards
superficial causes of red eye
scleritis
episcleritis
conjunctivitis
keratitis
uveal causes of red eye
anterior uveitis
deep causes of red eye
acute angle closure glaucoma
what kind of haemorrhage can cause a red eye
subconjunctival
cellulitis of what can cause a red eye
orbital
most common cause of orbital cellulitis in children
sinus infection
most common cause of orbital cellulitis in adults
trauma/laceration
what supplies secretion to the eyelids?
meibomian glands
what is the main stabiliser of the tear film?
oil from meibomian glands
what can affect lacrimal gland production
sjogrens
radiotherapy
most likely affected area of a ‘foreign body’ type of eye pain?
ocular surface
most likely affected area from an achy type of pain?
inflammation in the intraocular area
referred pain from brow
most common cause of an itchy eye
allergy
most common cause of mucoid/stringy discharge
allergy
vision loss and red eyes go hand in hand T or F
F, dont usually get visual loss
do contact lens problems present early or late?
late
what is blepharitid
inflamed eyelids
contact lense wearers are vulnerable to what organism?
acanthamoeba
what part of the eyelid is the tarsal eyelid?
inner
why do you get decreased vision when you press on the eye
disrupting the corneal contour
what eye problem is associated with acne rosacea
posterior blepharitis
differentials of blepharitis
conjunctivitis
keratitis
episcleritis
what kind of pain sensation does blepharitis present with?
foreign body sensation
grittiness
blepharitis presents with heavy discharge T or F
F, mild
2 types of anterior blepharitis?
seborrhoeic
staphylococcal
lashes are affected in which type of anterior blepharitis
staphylococcal
scales are present in which type of anterior blepharitis?
seborrhoeic
ulcers are present in which type of anterior blepharitis?
staphylococcal
what is the main structure affected in posterior blepharitis?
meibomian glands
lid margins are red in posterior blepharitis and not anterior T or F
F, other way round
elderly man with corneal ulcers, bluing of the cornea and rhinophyma?
acne rosacea
Tx for blepharitis?
heat pads/bathing
tear drops
doxy PO for 2-3 months (azithro if can’t have doxy)
does conjunctivitis affect vision?
no
what is chemosis?
oedema
preauricular glands are infected in a viral and not bacterial conjunctivitis T or F
T
does bacterial conjunctivitis present with papillae or follicles?
papillae
difference between papillae and follicles?
follicles are bigger and redder, in viral
papillae are in bacterial
what eye condition commonly follows an URTI?
follicular conjunctivitis
what conditions can cause a chronic conjunctivitis?
blepharitis
chlamydia
lacrimal disease
subtarsal FB
Ix for herpes simplex conjunctivitis?
viral PCR
what can cause a glassy appearance to the eye?
viral/allergic infection
eye symptoms of drug sensitivity?
itch
periorbital oedema
cause of a central corneal ulcer
INFECTION
cause of a peripheral corneal ulcer
autoimmune
autoimmune causes of corneal ulcers?
RA
hypersensitivity
vasculitis
describe the pain felt from a corneal ulcer?
severe and needle like
if herpetic there will be no pain
symptoms of corneal ulcer?
pain
photophobia
profuse lacrimation
reduced vision
signs of a corneal ulcer on exam?
redness
corneal reflections abnormal
opacity of cornea
hypopyon
what vitamin can inflame the cornea?
A
Ix for corneal ulcer?
corneal scrape for gram stain and culture
Tx of autoimmune corneal ulcer?
oral/topical steroid
autoimmune causes of anterior uveitis?
reiters
UC
ank spond
sarcoidosis
infective causes of anterior uveitis?
TB
syphilis
herpes simplex
herpes zoster
important differential for conjunctivitis?
anterior uveitis
difference between anterior uveitis and conjunctivitis?
dont get photophobia or reduced vision in conjunctivitis
describe the pain in anterior uveitis?
dull/achy
“cells and flare” with a hypopyon on examination
anterior uveitis
what are keratic precipitates and how do they present in anterior uveitis?
cells stuck on back of cornea that are placed face down in a triangular distribution
Tx for anterior uveitis?
topical steroid
mydriatic
Tx for episcleritis?
self limiting
what rheumatological condition is episcleritis associated with?
gout
scleritis is associated with what conditions?
GPA
RA
scleritis is very painful T or F
T
Tx for scleritis
oral NSAIDs
oral steroids
result on phenylephrine test for episcleritis and scleritis?
epi- will blanch
scler- wont blanch
appearance of angle closure glaucoma on exam?
circumcorneal injection
cloudy cornea
pupil dilated
eye hard
