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2 Opthalmology > Acute Red Eye > Flashcards

Acute Red Eye Flashcards

1
Q

superficial causes of red eye

A

scleritis
episcleritis
conjunctivitis
keratitis

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2
Q

uveal causes of red eye

A

anterior uveitis

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3
Q

deep causes of red eye

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

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4
Q

what kind of haemorrhage can cause a red eye

A

subconjunctival

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5
Q

cellulitis of what can cause a red eye

A

orbital

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6
Q

most common cause of orbital cellulitis in children

A

sinus infection

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7
Q

most common cause of orbital cellulitis in adults

A

trauma/laceration

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8
Q

what supplies secretion to the eyelids?

A

meibomian glands

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9
Q

what is the main stabiliser of the tear film?

A

oil from meibomian glands

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10
Q

what can affect lacrimal gland production

A

sjogrens

radiotherapy

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11
Q

most likely affected area of a ‘foreign body’ type of eye pain?

A

ocular surface

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12
Q

most likely affected area from an achy type of pain?

A

inflammation in the intraocular area

referred pain from brow

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13
Q

most common cause of an itchy eye

A

allergy

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14
Q

most common cause of mucoid/stringy discharge

A

allergy

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15
Q

vision loss and red eyes go hand in hand T or F

A

F, dont usually get visual loss

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16
Q

do contact lens problems present early or late?

A

late

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17
Q

what is blepharitid

A

inflamed eyelids

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18
Q

contact lense wearers are vulnerable to what organism?

A

acanthamoeba

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19
Q

what part of the eyelid is the tarsal eyelid?

A

inner

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20
Q

why do you get decreased vision when you press on the eye

A

disrupting the corneal contour

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21
Q

what eye problem is associated with acne rosacea

A

posterior blepharitis

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22
Q

differentials of blepharitis

A

conjunctivitis
keratitis
episcleritis

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23
Q

what kind of pain sensation does blepharitis present with?

A

foreign body sensation

grittiness

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24
Q

blepharitis presents with heavy discharge T or F

A

F, mild

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25
Q

2 types of anterior blepharitis?

A

seborrhoeic

staphylococcal

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26
Q

lashes are affected in which type of anterior blepharitis

A

staphylococcal

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27
Q

scales are present in which type of anterior blepharitis?

A

seborrhoeic

28
Q

ulcers are present in which type of anterior blepharitis?

A

staphylococcal

29
Q

what is the main structure affected in posterior blepharitis?

A

meibomian glands

30
Q

lid margins are red in posterior blepharitis and not anterior T or F

A

F, other way round

31
Q

elderly man with corneal ulcers, bluing of the cornea and rhinophyma?

A

acne rosacea

32
Q

Tx for blepharitis?

A

heat pads/bathing
tear drops
doxy PO for 2-3 months (azithro if can’t have doxy)

33
Q

does conjunctivitis affect vision?

A

no

34
Q

what is chemosis?

A

oedema

35
Q

preauricular glands are infected in a viral and not bacterial conjunctivitis T or F

A

T

36
Q

does bacterial conjunctivitis present with papillae or follicles?

A

papillae

37
Q

difference between papillae and follicles?

A

follicles are bigger and redder, in viral

papillae are in bacterial

38
Q

what eye condition commonly follows an URTI?

A

follicular conjunctivitis

39
Q

what conditions can cause a chronic conjunctivitis?

A

blepharitis
chlamydia
lacrimal disease
subtarsal FB

40
Q

Ix for herpes simplex conjunctivitis?

A

viral PCR

41
Q

what can cause a glassy appearance to the eye?

A

viral/allergic infection

42
Q

eye symptoms of drug sensitivity?

A

itch

periorbital oedema

43
Q

cause of a central corneal ulcer

A

INFECTION

44
Q

cause of a peripheral corneal ulcer

A

autoimmune

45
Q

autoimmune causes of corneal ulcers?

A

RA
hypersensitivity
vasculitis

46
Q

describe the pain felt from a corneal ulcer?

A

severe and needle like

if herpetic there will be no pain

47
Q

symptoms of corneal ulcer?

A

pain
photophobia
profuse lacrimation
reduced vision

48
Q

signs of a corneal ulcer on exam?

A

redness
corneal reflections abnormal
opacity of cornea
hypopyon

49
Q

what vitamin can inflame the cornea?

A

A

50
Q

Ix for corneal ulcer?

A

corneal scrape for gram stain and culture

51
Q

Tx of autoimmune corneal ulcer?

A

oral/topical steroid

52
Q

autoimmune causes of anterior uveitis?

A

reiters
UC
ank spond
sarcoidosis

53
Q

infective causes of anterior uveitis?

A

TB
syphilis
herpes simplex
herpes zoster

54
Q

important differential for conjunctivitis?

A

anterior uveitis

55
Q

difference between anterior uveitis and conjunctivitis?

A

dont get photophobia or reduced vision in conjunctivitis

56
Q

describe the pain in anterior uveitis?

A

dull/achy

57
Q

“cells and flare” with a hypopyon on examination

A

anterior uveitis

58
Q

what are keratic precipitates and how do they present in anterior uveitis?

A

cells stuck on back of cornea that are placed face down in a triangular distribution

59
Q

Tx for anterior uveitis?

A

topical steroid

mydriatic

60
Q

Tx for episcleritis?

A

self limiting

61
Q

what rheumatological condition is episcleritis associated with?

A

gout

62
Q

scleritis is associated with what conditions?

A

GPA

RA

63
Q

scleritis is very painful T or F

A

T

64
Q

Tx for scleritis

A

oral NSAIDs

oral steroids

65
Q

result on phenylephrine test for episcleritis and scleritis?

A

epi- will blanch

scler- wont blanch

66
Q

appearance of angle closure glaucoma on exam?

A

circumcorneal injection
cloudy cornea
pupil dilated
eye hard

2 Opthalmology (13 decks)

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