Neuro Lecture

Question 1

Alpha 1 receptors stimulated

Answer 1

• Vasoconstriction of blood vessels (stop bleeding)
• mydriasis: pin point eyes (KNOW!)
  vs miosis (smaller word, smaller pupil)
• ejaculation + contraction of bladder and prostate
• zosin meds (dilate, opposite)

Question 2

Alpha 2 receptors

Answer 2

not extremely covered, important to the CNS and hypertension.

Question 3

Beta 1 receptors stimulated

Answer 3

heart - increases
force of contraction, heart rate
kidneys - renin release (raises BP)

Question 4

Beta 2 receptors stimulated

Answer 4

lungs - everything dilates out
dopamine - dilates renal blood vessels
can delay preterm labor

Question 5

Cholinergic agonist

Answer 5

peripheral nervous system GO med
- produces the “rest and digest”
- wets everything up
- stigmine

Question 6

Anticholingerics

Answer 6

BENADRYL + atrophine
- dries everything up
- old people should not take causes urinary retention, glaucoma

Question 7

Adrenergic

Answer 7

peripheral nervous system
when they are stimulated
- Alpha 1 + 2
- Beta 1 + 2

Question 8

mydrasis vs miosis

Answer 8

the size of pupils, longer word larger pupils

Question 9

adverse effects of stimulated A 1+2

Answer 9

hypertension, necrosis (constricted blood vessels) bradycardia

Question 10

adverse effects of stimulated B 1+2

Answer 10

random cardiac rhythms (at least you have it working again)
- high sugars and tremors

Question 11

extravasation

Answer 11

when the IV breaks through the vein and leaks into the tissue, with Epi this can cause tissue constriction and necrosis (EXAM)

Question 12

Epipens, preparation before admin, what do you check

Answer 12

should not be expired and have a clear liquid
(year or two after expiration if clear could still be good)

Question 13

myasthenia gravis

Answer 13

upper body is attacked and there is muscle weakness (know for boards)
- grandmothers who cannot lift up babies

Question 14

cholinergic crisis SLUD

Answer 14

Salivation, Lacrimation (tears), Urination, Defecation

Question 15

BUDCAT

Answer 15

Blurred vision, urinary retention, Dry mouth, Constipation, Anhidrosis (no sweat), Tachy

Question 16

Lidocaine and Epi together

Answer 16

prolongs local anesthesia (constrict the blood vessels and numb the site)

Question 17

Sedative-hypnotics

Answer 17

avoid taking multiple including ETOH
side effects: residual drowsiness (hungover), dependence, tolerance, depression, respiratory depression, withdrawal symptoms

Question 17

Benzodiazepines

Answer 17

theraputic uses: calm everything down, panic disorders, insomnia, anxiety, lower potential for abuse, seizures
adverse: cns depression, amnesia (cannot recall taking it), excitability (1/20)

ask why they are taking it!

not for use in pregnancy

Question 18

anesthetics

Answer 18

Monitor level of consciousness
Monitor vitals (respirations!!, hr and BP)
TEMPATURE - malignant hypertermia (body freaks out, someone could get brain damage, genetic, 2-4 hours after administration) ICE ICE ICE
Monitor Urine output (flush body out with fluids)

Question 19

phenytoin (Dilantin) theraputic range

Answer 19

10-20 mcg/mL

Question 20

purple glove syndrome

Answer 20

complication of IV push dilantin
phentolamine antidote!! nitro patch to dilate, elevate

Question 20

barituates

Answer 20

cause depression of the CNS can treat seizures
theraputic: induction of anestesia, induce sleep, daytime sedation, fatal with overdose
- tolerance and dependence, high abuse potential
Adverse: respiratory depression, suicide, abuse, hangovers, increased sensitivity to pain (hyperalagesia)

Question 21

phenobarbital lab values

Answer 21

20-40

Question 22

no grapefruit jucie

Answer 22

-olol, -statin, calcium channel (VAD), carbamazepine

Question 23

seizures and pregnancy

Answer 23

increase by 25%, many drugs increase fetal malformations