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*KS NPLEX ll > Neuro l > Flashcards

Neuro l Flashcards

1
Q

CNS imaging of choice unless it’s suspected meningitis, then do what?

A

MRI

lumbar puncture

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2
Q

Cholinergic agonist indic for Glaucoma that acts on muscarinic-R

A

pilocarpine

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3
Q

nicotine binds to ______ and induces what enzyme?

A

nicotinic-R

CYP1A2 - caffeine, theophylline, TCA’s, warfarin

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4
Q

Overdose of Antipsychotics is called -_________

What is tx?

A

Neurolyptic Malignant Syndrome

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist)

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5
Q

Antipsychotics MOA

ADR’s

A

decrease dopamine
ADRs: tremors, tardive, blurred vision, hypotension, constipation, dry mouth, urinary retention, sexual dysfxn, drowsy, PROLACTIN

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6
Q

Antipsych indic for psychosis, N/V, hiccoughs

A

prochlorperazine
decrease dopamine
ADR: PROLACTIN, tremors, tardive, etc.

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7
Q

injectable Antipsychotic indic for Psychosis, Tourettes, Huntingtons

A

Haloperidol

+ H1 blockade so extra powerful!

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8
Q

Indic for psychosis, schizo, bipolar

Caution in children

A

Respiradone
oral
p450

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9
Q

No dopamine blocking are what category of antipsychotics

A

Atypical

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10
Q

Why use SAM-E

A

used to make excitatory neurotransmitters

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11
Q

Cocaine, Buproprion, Amphetamine, Benzatropine all do what?

A

block reuptake of dopamine so more dopamine around

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12
Q

tricyclic and amphetamines all do what?

A

block reuptake of NE

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13
Q

indic for depression, narcolepsy, phobias, and parkinson’s

A

MAO-I

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14
Q

MAO-I MOA and drug?

A

block metabolism of dopa, NE, SE
suppresses REM sleep
phenelzine (nardil)

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15
Q

What drug can increase seizure threshold and increases NE and DOPA

A

bupropion

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16
Q

SSRI’s

A 
fluoxetin (prozac)
sertraline
paroxetine - paxil
citalopram - celexa
Lexapro
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17
Q

What AA can you use when tapering off or on SSRIs?

A

tryptophan

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18
Q

Non-SSRI used for sleep commonly but ironic withdrawal sx

A

trazadone

- rebound insomnia

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19
Q

SE syndrome

A

look sick

F, hyperreflexia, BP changes, coma, death

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20
Q

enhance serotonin with what supps

A

B6/niacinamide, trypt, 5HTP

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21
Q

if SSRI’s don’t work can try what drug?

A

Venlafaxine

modified 5HT effectors, SE & NE

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22
Q

indic for neuropathic pain, fibro

A

pregabalin (lyrica)

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23
Q

anxiolytic wo sedating or euphoric effects
does not act on GABA
SE, dopa, NE

A

buspirone

24
Q 
GABA drugs (3):
have what kind of effect?
A

alcohol, barbs, benzos

amnesia effect

25
Q 
Indic for anxiety, wound healing, muscle spasms 
class of drugs
A

glycine-R working w chloride

Caution in bipolar Pts because excitatory

26
Q

long-term tx of seizure drugs

A

phenytoin, carbamazapine

decrease movement of Na, Ca, K

27
Q

If first presenting with epilepsy, then must do what first?

A

MRI to ro tumor

28
Q

2 Bipolar Drugs

A

lithium - sodium ions in brain

gabapentin - GABA agonist

29
Q

LITHIUM ADR

Caution with ____

A

HYPOTHYROID, coma, KD probs

LOW SODIUM DIET

30
Q

if a kid is on ritalin (methylphenidate), put them on which supp?

A

zinc helps the drug to work

31
Q

DDX encephalitis vs meningitis

A

enc has a focal neuro deficit whereas menin does not

both have HA, F

32
Q

DDX GBS with what?
Presentation of guillain barre
Lab
PROG

A 
Botulism
- previous hx of flu or viral infxn
- leg weakness, paresthesias, DTR's decreased
LAB - CSF protein increased
Self-limiting disease
33
Q

GI sxs precede neuro deficits with no F

A

botulism

floppy baby

34
Q

MC brain tumor in adults

prog

A

Gliobastoma multiforme

DEADLY

35
Q

Wernicke korsakoff syndrome dt what problem?

A

B1 thiamine
dt booze
no short-term memory

36
Q

Niacin Xu can cause?

A

pellagra

3D’s: dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death

37
Q

C/I sumatriptan

A

Basilar Migraine
base of skull radiatees up
vasoconstricts

38
Q

Ergots MOA

A

vasoconstrict - alpha 1

ADR: tachycardia, HTN

39
Q

Giant Cell Arteritis complication?

Do what test?

A

blindness - affects ophthalmic A

ESR > 1000

40
Q

pt wakes up in the AM with HA but then goes outside and is ok

A

carbon monoxide poisoning

41
Q

PAIN Relievers

CNS vs Peripheral

A

CNS: opioids, tylenol
PNS: NSAIDs, steroids, gout meds

42
Q

Max dose of tylenol in 24 hrs

A

4 g

43
Q

5 g of pregn = ___g cortisone

A

20g

4x

44
Q

Can you abruptly dc steroids?

A

no - death

45
Q

Anesthetic Amides, Ester?

A

amides - lidocaine, bupivacaine

Esters - procaine

46
Q

if too much anesthetics, what can happen?

A

heart block

47
Q

Can bupivacaine be given via IV?

A

no. half life is too long

48
Q

extreme weakness upon extertion, > rest

starts in head

A

Myasthenia Gravis

ACH-R antibodies

49
Q

resting tremor disappears at sleep

A

parkinson’s

50
Q

Where is damage to brain with PD and Huntingtons?

A

basal nuclei
PD - dopamine R
HD - GABA-nergic R

51
Q

progn of Huntingtons Dz

A

death - die young, dementia

52
Q

ACh in Brain vs Periphery

A

memory vs muscle

53
Q

if syncope do what testing

A

EKG

54
Q

Cannabis MOA

A

dopamine

removes inhibition by GABA neurons

55
Q

Cocaine MOA

A

releases dopamine,NE, SE

56
Q

MDMA MOA

A

serotonin

57
Q

LSD MOA

A

like heavy boots jumping on serotonin R —> hallucinations

*KS NPLEX ll (17 decks)

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