Hematology l Flashcards
what is TIBC
if high
if low
% transferrin saturation; total iron binding capacity
high - iron xu anemia, pregN
low - anemia of chronic dz, sideroblastic anemia, hemochromatosis
ferritin elevates during when
inflamma and cancer
right shift can be due to
b12 olae xu, hypersegmentation of neutrophils
MCV low =
iron xu, thalassemia, lead poisoning
microcytic hypochromic anemia dt
iron xu, severe protein xu, thal, chroic infx
normocytic normochronic anemia dt
loss of blood or loss of blood production
- then look at reticulocytes
Hemochromatosis is usu dx at what age?
complications
middle aged
LR failure, pancreatic failure
Henoch Schonlein purpura
age
presentation
children < 10 yo
usu acute URI precedes it
IgA in small vessels and joints
1. RASH 2. ABD PAIN OR RENAL 3. ARTHRITIS … see bruising on areas of pressure like buttocks
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, TTP
presentation
FATAL DIE AT 40yo
vWF cleaving protease inhibited
clotting in small vessels so decrease in plt
Dx TTP
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
schistocytes, helmet cells
increase LDH
mental status or focal neuro deficits
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
presentation
toxin, bacteria or drug causes hemolytic anemia —> blocking fxn of KD so failure there and build up of UREMIC acid
von Willebrand Dz
labs normal, so have to do clotting studies
either see light to heavy bleeding depending on genetics - many never diagnosed
DIC
usu ACUTE like complications obstetrics, infxn, malign - when all clotting factors are used up
Hemophilia A vs B
x-linked recessive
A = 8 factor
B = 9 factor; peds, dx factor 9 assay, tx FFP
Polycythemia vera vs Reactive Polycthemia
PVera - is true, ITCHY AFTER BATH, easy bruising bleeding; high RBC
MC ETIC OF Reactive POLYCYTHEMIA
emphysema dt increase in erythropoietin
other eti: renal, tumor, tetralogy of fallot
Leukemia vs Lymphoma
leukemia - SP & LR enlarged
lymphoma - LA
Multiple Myeloma
age
presentation
> 50 yo
IgG or IgA is jumbled in attacking a neoplastic plasma cell
SSx: bone back pain, fractures, bleeding agg of arrhythmias
BENCE JONES PROTEINURIA
PUNCHED OUT BONE LESIONS
BENCE JONES PROTEINURIA
MM, Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia
PUNCHED OUT BONE LESIONS
MM
Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia
> 50 yo, B lymphocytes & IgM
Types of Leukemias, age, prognosis
ALL - mc in children, F, bone pain, hepatosplenomegaly, 90% cure
AML - older children 15-39 yo, worse progN, splenomegaly
CML - 45 yo, any cell affected, chronic, remit and relapse, PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOMES
CLL - > 55 yo, no sxs at first, see super high WBC 50-250,000, progn good
AUER RODS
AML
PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOMES
CML
Single node that spreads
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
single node that spreads
intermittent spiking F
Non-Hodg vs Hodg - which worse?
Non-Hodg - no age limits too
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
presentation
complications
B-lymphocytes
LA in maxilla or mandible
can lead to Non-Hodgkins
