Emergency ll

Question 1

Foley vs French catheter

if a lot of urinary retention, how to?

Answer 1

foley long-term
french short
drain slowly to avoid shock
300-400 mL, then relax for 30-60 min

Question 2

if eye trauma, then cover the other eye

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

Closed vs Open globe trauma

Answer 3

closed is more dangerous
most concerned about optic N - swelling
PE: check acuity, bleeding
tell pt if increase in pain and decrease in vision, then go to ER

Question 4

what to do if chemical burn in eye

Answer 4

irrigate w any water then ER referral

if in woods, put any oil in the eye (lacrilube or vit A)

Question 5

How to tx a flash burn (welder)

Answer 5

shredded raw potato poultic

vitamin A

Question 6

Abrasion vs Ulceration of eye

Answer 6

hard for ND’s to tell the difference, so ER!

Abrasion- patch 24 hrs, mb abx, must r/o foreign object - so irrigate and check

Question 7

Crazy emergency situation! what to do?
SURVEY, THEN RAP!
RAP?

Answer 7

survey
is victim Responding? “hey you!”
Activate EMS
Position on back but don’t move head

Question 8

CPR in adult vs infant

Answer 8

adult: 30:2
infant: 15:2
if alone with infant, then 30:2 for 2 min, then call 911

Question 9

CPR will provide how much normal blood flow?

Answer 9

1/4-1/3

Question 10

How long does it take until brain damage if not breathing?

Answer 10

4-6 min

certain after 10 min

Question 11

depth of compressions on adult, child

Answer 11

adult 1.5-2 inches
children 1/2 - 1/3 chest depth
use two fingers for infant

Question 12

how long apart are contractions when you know the baby is coming

Answer 12

2-3 min

Question 13

What should you do once head is through vagina before shoulders are out?

Answer 13

clear airway

Question 14

Once baby is out what to do?

Answer 14

check airway, flick feet, give 2 breaths, CPR, EMS

Question 15

where to clamp umbili cord?

Answer 15

4 AND 6 inch from baby

Question 16

is prolapsed cord an emergency?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

Why screen for GBS in pregnant women?

Answer 17

sepsis and meningitis of newborn

Question 18

Tx neonatal eye infections

Answer 18

0.5% erythromycin

1% tetracycline hydrochloride

Question 19

Normal Pulse, BP, Breaths in children ages
0-1
1-5 yr
5-10

Answer 19

up to 1 yo: 120 HR, 80/40, 40 RR
1-5 yo: 100 HR, 100/60, 30 RR
5-10 yo: 80 HR, 120/80, 20 RR

Question 20

if they ask you if you want a 2nd opinion if child has ear injury, answer what?

Answer 20

send to ER for second opinion

Question 21

if injury to nose, must do what

Answer 21

ER bc fracture imaging

Question 22

SubQ degree

Answer 22

30-45

Question 23

normal pH of blood
comfortable pH of IV
acidic pH
alk pH

Answer 23

normal: 7.35-7.45
comfortable: 6.6-7.6
> 5 acidic
9 alk

Question 24

Osmolarity in humans:

if ________, at risk for phlebitis

Answer 24

~ 300 mosm/L = isotonic

hyperosmolar (high risk is 600)

Question 25

Hyperosmolar soln range

Hypo range

Answer 25

> 375

< 250

Question 26

What kind of solution will hydrate the cells and lower serum sodium?

Answer 26

hypotonic
1/2 NS
fluid goes from blood to cells

Question 27

Hypertonic soln:
problems:
how to administer

Answer 27

> 375
irritating to veins, mb painful
are the vitamin and mineral ones
give at slow rate of 1-5mL//min

Question 28

Tx phlebitis

Answer 28

prevent
flush w NS
D/c line
apply ice

Question 29

What in IV can cause hypoglycemia?

Tx?

Answer 29

EDTA, Vitamin C

Tx: D5W as a base solution to prevent OR slow push D-50 5-50 mL

Question 30

What can cause speed shock?

Tx?

Answer 30

Mg too fast
Tx with Ca
Can treat too much Ca with Mg

Question 31

What can cause fluid overload?

tx?

Answer 31

isotonic soln too quickly

tx slow it down, heat, 02

Question 32

how to REHYDRATE

Answer 32

larger catheter

isotonic soln 0.9% NS, ringer lactate or D5W

Question 33

Never use sterile water to hydrate. Why?

Answer 33

rbc lysis

Question 34

CCB and what in IV soln can cause heart block

Answer 34

mg, EDTA