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*KS NPLEX ll > Heart l > Flashcards

Heart l Flashcards

1
Q

ALT > AST means…

AST elevated can mean…

A

LR Dz

Heart - MI

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2
Q

GGT / GGTP elevated means…

A

alcohol toxicity - sign of elevated glutathione activity

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3
Q

LDH elevated means….

A

increase in lactate –> pyruvate metabolism (anaerobic problems)
- must fractionate it if abN

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4
Q

LDH1 > LDH 2 means…

A

MI

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5
Q

Folate is increased in…

A

LR Dz, non-fasting state

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6
Q

Apo 1 is good or bad

A

good HDL

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7
Q

Apo B is good or bad

A

bad

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8
Q

Lp-a is good or bad (lipoprotein a)

A

bad

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9
Q

Bad SE of statin use is….

A

Rhabdomyolysis - muscle & jt pain, increase in LR enzymes

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10
Q

Niacin SE

what to supplement w to reduce SE

A

hepatoxocitiy, flushin

vit B, C

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11
Q

Fibrate will do what?

A

decrease TGs

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12
Q

Diuretics work on what part of the KD

A

nephron

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13
Q

Which diuretic is CI w sulfonamide drugs

A

Thiazide

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14
Q

3 classes of diuretics and %

A

carbonic anhydrase 67
loop 25
thiazide 8

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15
Q

Spironolactone fxn

A

aldosterone antag at distal tubule

K sparing

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16
Q

Which diuretic can cause hypokalemia and hyperglycemia

A

Furosemide - loop of henle

HCTZ - distal tubule

17
Q

K sparing means what?

Which drugs are K sparing?

A

triamterene, spironolactone

18
Q

Anti HTN drugs

A

BB, Ace-i, arbs, alpha-2 ag, catcholamine, CCB

19
Q

BB ADR

should you taper?

A

fatigue

yes

20
Q

what does CCB do? types?

SE?

A

elongate AP- longer contraction -

  • dil
  • zem
  • pine

SE = CHF

21
Q

K sparing Anti-HTN drug

A

ARBs (risk of hyperkalemia)

ACE-I

22
Q

ACE-i C/I

SE

A

pregN

SE: dry cough, hyperkalemia

23
Q

Emergency HTN Tx is?

A

Clonidine
alpha 2 agonist
CNS sympatholytic

24
Q

Reserpine fxn
botanical
CI

A 
Rauwoflia
- Tx HTN, depletes catcholamines
- peripheral anti-adrenergic
- tx high anxiety & HTN
CI in depression / parasympatho state
25
Q

CHF - what imaging?

A

ECHO

*KS NPLEX ll (17 decks)

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