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CORE > Neuro: Head/Neck > Flashcards

Neuro: Head/Neck Flashcards

1
Q

optic canal –> contain what struct? (2)

A
  • optic N

- ophthalmic A

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2
Q

superior orbital fissure –> contain what struct? (4)

A
  • CN III
  • CN IV
  • CN V1
  • CN VI
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3
Q

inferior orbital fissure –> contain what struct? (1)

A
  • CN V2
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4
Q

foramen rotundum –> what struct? (1)

A

CN V2

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5
Q

orbit –> extraconal compartmt –> contain what struct? (3)

A
  • lacrimal gland
  • fat
  • bony orbit
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6
Q

orbit –> conal compartmt –> contain what struct? (1)

A

EOM

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7
Q

orbit –> intraconal compartmt –> contain what struct? (4)

A
  • optic N & sheath
  • sensory & motor N
  • LN
  • fat
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8
Q

orbital hemangioma –> 2 types?

A
  • cavernous

- infantile (capillary)

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9
Q

orbital hemangioma –> cavernous vs capillary –> epidemiology?

A
  • cavernous: adult

- infantile (capillary): >1yo

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10
Q

orbital hemangioma –> infantile (capillary) type –> natural progression?

A

first few mo of life –> enlrg –> then spont involute

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11
Q

orbital hemangioma –> cavernous type –> CT appearance? MR?

A

CT: ovoid mass –> enhance

MR:

  • T1 iso
  • T2 hyper
  • contrast: early patchy enhance –> progressive fill-in
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12
Q

orbital lymphoma –> MC location?

A

lacrimal gland

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13
Q

orbital lymphoma –> classic clinical presentation?

A

lymphoma –> lacrimal gland –> mass effect on globe –> painless downward proptosis

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14
Q

orbital mass –> mold to the globe –> ddx? (2)

A
  • orbital lymphoma

- orbital pseudotumor

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15
Q

orbital lymphoma –> T1/T2 signal?

A
  • T1 hypo

- T2 hypo

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16
Q

orbital lymphangioma (orbital venolymphatic malformation VLM) –> epidemiology?

A

Ped

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17
Q

what is lymphangioma?

A

benign hamartomatous lesion –> slow flow vascular

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18
Q

orbital lymphangioma (orbital venolymphatic malformation VLM) –> imaging appearance?

A

multilocular cystic mass –> slight peripheral/septa enhance –> usu complex int contents & fluid levels from prior hemorrhage

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19
Q

orbit –> schwannoma vs neurofibroma –> which is more common?

A

Schwannoma

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20
Q

orbit –> schwannoma/ neurofibroma –> MC nerve? location in orbit?

A

V1 sensory br –> sup orbit

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21
Q

orbit –> schwannoma/ neurofibroma –> MR appearance?

A

circumscribed ovoid mass:

  • T1 hypo
  • T2 hyper –> sometimes central hypo (target sign)
  • enhance
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22
Q

adult –> mets to orbit –> which CA? (5)

A
  • breast
  • lung
  • thyroid
  • RCC
  • melanoma
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23
Q

mets to orbit –> enophthalmos –> which CA? (1)

A

scirrhous breast CA

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24
Q

ped –> mets to orbit –> which CA? (1)

A

Neuroblastoma

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25
Q

lacrimal gland –> composed of what tissue types? (2)

A
  • epithelial salivary tissue

- lymphoid tissue

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26
Q

lacrimal gland –> epithelial tumor –> benign %? Malig?

A

50% benign, 50% malig

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27
Q

what is thyroid ophthalmopathy? MOA?

A

thyroid dz –> lymphocyte –> hyaluronic acid –> orbit inflamm –> EOM fibrosis

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28
Q

thyroid ophthalmopathy –> EOM –> order of involvemt?

A

I’M SLow:

  • inf rectus
  • med rectus
  • sup rectus
  • lat rectus
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29
Q

differentiate: thyroid ophthalmopathy vs orbital pseudotumor (2)

A

thyroid ophthalmopathy:

  • bilat
  • spare muscle tendon

orbital pseudotumor:

  • unilat
  • involve muscle tendon
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30
Q

what is orbital pseudotumor?

A

idiopathic orbit inflamm

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31
Q

orbital pseudotumor –> clinical presentation?

A

painful proptosis

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32
Q

orbital pseudotumor –> dx of exclusion –> T/F?

A

T

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33
Q

orbital pseudotumor –> MC location?

A

lacrimal gland

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34
Q

orbital pseudotumor –> tx?

A

Steroid

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35
Q

orbital pseudotumor + involve cavernous sinus –> dx?

A

Tolosa-Hunt synd

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36
Q

optic N-sheath complex –> MC tumor? 2nd MC?

A
  • # 1 optic N glioma

- #2 optic N meningioma

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37
Q

optic N glioma –> adult vs ped –> prognosis?

A
  • adult: poor prognosis

- ped: indolent

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38
Q

optic N glioma –> ped –> assoc condition? (1)

A

NF 1

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39
Q

optic N glioma –> ped –> usu unilat or bilat?

A

Bilat

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40
Q

optic N glioma –> ped –> MC MRI appearance?

A

variable appearance: optic N –> fusiform enlrg –> variable enhance

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41
Q

optic N glioma –> adult –> MC imaging appearance?

A

enhancing mass –> involve optic chiasm

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42
Q

optic N meningioma –> classic clinical presentation?

A

mid age F –> slow progress visual impair –> preserved central visual field

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43
Q

optic N meningioma –> imaging appearance?

A

tram-track sign:

  • N-sheath –> circumferential thick –> uniform contrast enhance
  • central –> optic N –> not enhance
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44
Q

ostiomeatal complex/unit –> common pathway for drainage of what sinuses (3) into which meatus?

A

frontal, ant ethmoid, maxillary –> ostiomeatal complex/unit –> middle meatus

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45
Q

post ethmoid & sphenoid sinus –> what is the common pathway? drains into which meatus?

A

sphenoethmoidal recess –> sup meatus

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46
Q

what is agger nasi cell? why is it significant?

A

ant-most ethmoid air cell located ant to frontal recess

lrg agger nasi cell –> narrow frontal recess

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47
Q

sinus: what is supraorbital cell? why is it significant?

A

ant ethmoid cell –> extend sup to orbit & ant ethmoidal notch (contain ant ethmoidal A) –> inc risk to ant ethmoidal A during surg

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48
Q

sinus: what is Haller (infraorbital) cell? why is it significant?

A

ethmoid air cell –> along medial orbital floor –> if lrg or inflamm –> narrow maxillary ostium

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49
Q

sinus: what is Onodi (sphenoethmoidal) cell? why is it significant?

A

post-most ethmoid cell –> extend sup & lat to sphenoid sinus

inc risk of intraoperative damage to adjacent optic N

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50
Q

fungal sinusitis –> MC type?

A

allergic fungal rhinosinusitis

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51
Q

what is allergic fungal rhinosinusitis?

A

chronic rhinosinusitis subtype/variant –> hypersens rxn to fungi –> nasal polyposis

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52
Q

allergic fungal rhinosinusitis –> imaging appearance?

  • CT density?
  • T2?
A

mult sinus –> complete opacify –> secretions:

  • CT hyper
  • T2 hypo

sinus walls:

  • expansile remodel
  • pressure erosion
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53
Q

fungal sinusitis –> what is fungus ball?

A

aggregate of hyphae + mucin –> often intra-lesional calc –> sep from sinus mucosa

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54
Q

immunocomp pt –> invasive fungal rhinosinusitis –> imaging sign that is highly suggestive of necrosis?

A

“black turbinate” sign –> nasal turbinate nonenhance

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55
Q

what is invasive fungal rhinosinusitis?

A

acute/chronic fungal infx –> invade mucosa, vessel, other sinonasal tissue –> necrosis

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56
Q

what is Pott’s puffy tumor

A

acute frontal sinusitis –> c/b osteomyelitis –> subgaleal/subperiosteal abscess

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57
Q

sinus: what is mucocele?

A

paranasal sinus –> obstructed drainage –> fill w mucoid secretions –> expansile remodeling & bony thinning

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58
Q

silent sinus synd –> MOA?

A

maxillary sinus ostium –> chronic obstruct –> air resorb –> max sinus atelectasis

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59
Q

silent sinus synd –> imaging features? (3)

A
  • unilat max sinus volume loss
  • partial-complete opacification of sinus
  • enophthalmos
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60
Q

sinus: what is choanal polyp?

A

polyp –> nasal cavity –> extend to post nasal aperture (choana)

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61
Q

sinus: what is antrochoanal polyp?

A

choanal polyp that originate in max sinus

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62
Q

sinonasal (Schneiderian) papilloma –> 3 histologic types?

A
  • exophytic
  • inverted
  • oncocytic
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63
Q

sinonasal (Schneiderian) papilloma –> 3 histologic types –> which have malig potential? (2)

A
  • inverted

- oncocytic

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64
Q

sinonasal (Schneiderian) papilloma –> inverted type –> classic MRI appearance?

A

alternating curvilinear bands of low & high intensity –> “cerebriform” pattern

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65
Q

juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma –> 2 imaging signs?

A
  • salt & pepper appearance –> enhance & vasc flow voids

- Holmer-Miller (antral) sign –> mass extend into & expend pterygopalatine fossa –> ant displace post max sinus wall

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66
Q

pediatric midline nasal mass –> dermoid vs epidermoid cyst –> how differentiate?

A

dermoid:
- fat

epidermoid cyst:
- restrict diff

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67
Q

pediatric midline nasal mass –> ddx? (3)

A
  • epi/dermoid cyst
  • encephalocele
  • nasal glial heterotopia (nasal glioma)
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68
Q

Mc-Cune Albright synd –> synd? (3)

A
  • fibrous dysplasia
  • endocrine hyperfx
  • cafe au lait macules
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69
Q

Mazabraud synd –> synd? (2)

A
  • fibrous dysplasia

- intramuscular myxoma

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70
Q

olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma) –> intracranial extension –> what imaging finding is highly suggestive of olfactory neuroblastoma?

A

intracranial portion –> cysts at margins

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71
Q

cavernous sinus thrombosis –> direct imaging findings? (2)

A
  • lat wall –> convex bulge

- postcontrast –> filling defect

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72
Q

cavernous sinus thrombosis –> indirect imaging finding?

A

sup ophthalmic V –> dilate/thrombosed

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73
Q

endophthalmitis –> imaging findings?

A
  • ocular wall thick & enhance
  • periocular fat stranding
  • vitreous –> hyper
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74
Q

what is dacryoadenitis? poss etiologies? (4)

A

lacrimal gland inflamm:

  • virus/bact infx
  • idiopathic
  • IgG4-related dz
  • granulomatous dz
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75
Q

dacryoadenitis –> imaging appearance?

A

lacrimal gland –> diffuse enlrg

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76
Q

what is dacryocystitis? MOA?

A

lacrimal duct obstruct -> bact infx –> lacrimal sac inflamm

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77
Q

dacryocystitis –> imaging appearance?

A

lacrimal fossa near medial canthus –> rim-enhance struct –> adj fat stranding

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78
Q

infant –> dacryocystitis –> poss etiologies? (2)

A
  • dacryostenosis

- dacryocystocele

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79
Q

idiopathic orbital inflamm (pseudotumor) –> 3 main anatomic subtypes?

A
  • dacryoadenitis
  • orbital fat inflamm
  • orbital myositis
80
Q

idiopathic orbital inflamm (pseudotumor) –> orbital myositis subtype –> MC affected EOM?

A

LR

81
Q

what is IgG4-related dz?

A

multisystem fibro-inflamm disorder

82
Q

IgG4-related dz –> involve ophthalmic system –> MC involved struct?

A

lacrimal gland

83
Q

IgG4-related ophthalmic dz –> distinguishing feature?

A

infiltration/enlrg infraorbital N

84
Q

IgG4-related dz –> lacrimal + major salivary gland involvemt –> dx?

A

IgG4-related chronic sclerosing dacryoadenitis & sialadenitis

85
Q

sarcoidosis –> extraocular orbit –> MC involved struct?

A

lacrimal gland

86
Q

granulomatosis w polyangiitis –> orbit involvemt –> 3 MC manifestations?

A
  • # 1 infiltrative mass in orbital fat
  • dacryoadenitis
  • extraocular myositis
87
Q

thyroid orbitopathy –> early dz –> imaging findings? (2)

A
  • proptosis

- orbital fat expansion

88
Q

thyroid orbitopathy –> late dz –> imaging sign?

A

fusiform EOM enlrg –> spare tendon –> “Coca Cola bottle” sign

89
Q

what is optic neuritis?

A

optic N inflamm

90
Q

optic neuritis –> MCC?

A

MS

91
Q

optic neuritis –> epidemiology? clinical presentation?

A

YA –> acute painful central vision loss

92
Q

old pt –> central vision loss –> ddx? (1)

A

ischemic optic neuropathy

93
Q

optic neuritis –> acute dz –> imaging findings? T2? contrast?

A

optic N:

  • enlrg
  • T2 hyper
  • enhance
94
Q

optic neuritis –> chronic dz –> imaging finding?

A

optic N atrophy

95
Q

orbital lymphangioma (orbital venolymphatic malformation VLM) –> key imaging clue?

A

mass –> span mult compts

96
Q

ped –> neuroblastoma –> mets to orbit –> clinical presentation?

A

periorbital ecchymosis –> “raccoon eye”

97
Q

ped –> neuroblastoma –> mets to orbit –> imaging appearance?

  • location
  • bone involve?
  • calcs?
A
  • extraconal –> orbital wall –> lat or sup
  • permeative bony destruction
  • calcs
  • aggressive periosteal rxn
98
Q

neuroblastoma –> suspect bone mets –> preferred imaging study?

A

I-123 MIBG scintigraphy

99
Q

orbital venous varix –> etiology? (3) MC?

A
  • # 1 congenital malformation
  • AVM
  • AVF
100
Q

what is Coats dz?

A

idiopathic –> retina –> telangiectasia + exudate –> retinal detach

101
Q

what is persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV)?

A

vitreous –> persistent embryonic vasc –>

  • hemorrhage
  • cataract
  • retina detach
102
Q

persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) –> imaging sign?

A

“martini glass” sign

103
Q

septo-optic dysplasia –> part of what dz spectrum?

A

holoprosencephaly

104
Q

septo-optic dysplasia –> synd? (3)

A
  • optic N hypoplasia
  • septum pellucidum agenesis
  • hypothal-pit dysfx
105
Q

orbital globe rupture –> imaging sign?

A

wall irreg & dec globe vol –> “flat tire” sign

106
Q

Le Fort I fx:

  • involve fx of what struct?
  • free movemt of what struct?
A
  • lat margin of pyriform (nasal) aperture

- floating palate

107
Q

Le Fort II fx:

  • involve fx of what struct?
  • free movemt of what struct?
A
  • inf orbit –> med orbit

- floating maxilla

108
Q

Le Fort III fx:

  • involve fx of what struct?
  • free movemt of what struct?
A
  • zygomatic arch
  • lat orbit –> med orbit
  • craniofacial dissociation
109
Q

salivary gland –> MC tumor?

A

pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor)

110
Q

pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) –> benign or malig?

A

benign –> risk of malig transform

111
Q

pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) –> MR appearance?

  • T2
  • contrast
A

well-defined mass –> bosselated margins:

  • T2 very hyper
  • very enhance
112
Q

Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomastosum, adenolymphoma) –> epidemiology?

A

old M –> smoke

113
Q

Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomastosum, adenolymphoma) –> MC location?

A

parotid tail

114
Q

Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomastosum, adenolymphoma) –> benign or malig?

A

benign

115
Q

Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomastosum, adenolymphoma) –> imaging appearance?

A

mass:
- well-defined
- hetero
- weak enhance
- some –> complicated cystic compts

116
Q

1ary salivary gland malig –> MC? 2nd MC?

A
  • # 1 mucoepidermoid CA

- adenoid cystic CA

117
Q

pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) –> malig transform to what?

A

CA ex pleomorphic adenoma

118
Q

b/l uvetitis + parotitis + facial N palsy –> dx?

A

sarcoidosis –> Heerfordt synd (uveoparotid fever)

119
Q

gallium-67 scan –> what is panda sign? dx?

A

sarcoidosis:
- uptake in b/l lacrimal glands
- uptake in b/l parotid glands
- physiologic uptake in nasopharynx

120
Q

Sjogren synd –> parotid glands –> MRI appearance?

A

“salt & pepper” or “honeycomb” appearance –> T1/T2 –> mixed low & high signal:

  • benign lymphoepithelial lesions
  • fibrosis
  • calcs
  • fatty infiltration
121
Q

1st brachial cleft cyst –> location?

A

bw ext aud canal & submandibular region –> usu in parotid gland

122
Q

ant pit –> embryologic tissue of origin?

A

Rathke pouch

123
Q

persistent Rathke pouch –> possible conditions? (2)

A
  • Rathke cleft cyst

- craniopharyngioma

124
Q

foramen ovale –> contains what struct? (2)

A
  • CN V3

- access meningeal A

125
Q

severe HA + visual impair + hypopituitarism –> dx? MCC?

A

pit adenoma –> pit apoplexy

126
Q

pituitary lesion –> “snowman” sign –> dx?

A

pit macroadenoma

127
Q

Rathke cleft cyst –> intrasellar or extrasellar?

A

intrasellar

128
Q

sella –> cyst –> nonenhancing intracystic nodule –> dx?

A

Rathke cleft cyst

129
Q

craniopharyngioma –> intrasellar or extrasellar?

A

suprasellar

130
Q

craniopharyngioma –> MC subtype in children? In adults?

A
  • child –> adamantinomatous subtype

- adult –> papillary

131
Q

craniopharyngioma –> adamantinomatous subtype –> MRI appearance?

A
  • complex cystic lobulated mass
  • calcs
  • “machine oil” cystic contents –> T1 hyper
132
Q

craniopharyngioma –> papillary subtype –> MRI appearance?

A
  • round solid mass

- no calcs

133
Q

intracranial germ cell tumor –> MC location? 2nd MC?

A
  • # 1 pineal

- #2 suprasellar

134
Q

MC type of intracranial germ cell tumor?

A

germinoma

135
Q

epidermoid cyst –> MRI signal?

  • T1
  • T2
  • FLAIR
  • DWI
A
  • CSF signal –> T1 dark, T2 bright
  • FLAIR hyper
  • restrict diff
136
Q

what is hypothalamic hamartoma (tuber cinereum)?

A

gray matter heterotopia bw pit stalk & mammillary bodies

137
Q

precocious puberty + gelastic sz (laughing spells) –> ddx? (1)

A

hypothalamic hamartoma (tuber cinereum)

138
Q

child –> diabetes insipidus –> suprasellar mass –> pit stalk –> enlrg, enhance –> ddx? (1)

A

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) hypophysitis

139
Q

child –> suprasellar mass –> midline mass –> avid enhance –> ddx? (1)

A

germ cell tumor –> germinoma

140
Q

child –> suprasellar mass –> midline mass –> avid enhance, contain fat –> ddx? (1)

A

dermoid cyst

141
Q

adult –> diabetes insipidus –> suprasellar mass –> pit stalk –> enlrg, enhance –> ddx? (1)

A

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) hypophysitis

142
Q

adult –> suprasellar mass –> cystic, nonenhance, no calcs –> ddx? (1)

A

Rathke’s cleft cyst

143
Q

what is ecchordosis physaliphora?

A

benign –> ectopic notochord remnant –> dorsal clivus –> project into post cranial fossa

144
Q

chordoma –> ped or adult?

A

adult

145
Q

chordoma –> 3 MC locations?

A
  • # 1 sacrum
  • # 2 clivus
  • # 3 vertebra
146
Q

chordoma –> tissue type?

A

notochord

147
Q

how differentiate chordoma vs benign notochordal tumor? (3)

A
  • bone destruct
  • extraosseous extension
  • enhance
148
Q

chordoma –> extraosseous extension –> potential imaging sign?

A

“thumb” sign: post tumor –> indent pons

149
Q

how differentiate clival chordoma vs petroclival synchondrosis chondrosarcoma? (1)

A

location:
- chordoma –> midline
- chondrosarcoma –> off-midline

150
Q

what is necrotizing otitis externa (malig otitis externa)?

A

otitis externa + temporal osteomyelitis

151
Q

otitis externa –> chronic –> potential comp?

A

medial canal fibrosis

152
Q

chronic otitis externa –> medial canal fibrosis –> imaging appearance?

A

tympanic membrane –> outer surface –> crescentic soft tissue thickening

153
Q

what is keratosis obturans?

A

keratin plugs –> accum –> occlude & expand ext aud canal –> no bone involvmt

154
Q

keratosis obturans –> usu unilat or bilat?

A

bilat

155
Q

keratosis obturans –> imaging appearance?

A

EAC –> soft tissue opacification –> smooth, expansile remodeling of bony canal

156
Q

what is cholesteastoma?

A

collection of keratin –> lined by squamous epithelium

157
Q

keratosis obturans –> epidemiology?

A

child & YA

158
Q

cholesteastoma –> epidemiology?

A

mid to older adult

159
Q

cholesteastoma –> imaging appearance?

A

EAC –> soft tissue mass –> focal bony erosion or sequestered bone frgmt

160
Q

cholesteastoma –> usu unilat or bilat?

A

unilat

161
Q

pulsatile tinnitus –> exam –> red retrotympanic mass –> ddx? (2) MCC?

A
  • # 1 aberrant int carotid A

- paraganglioma

162
Q

absent foramen spinosum –> ddx? (1)

A

persistent stapedial A

163
Q

what is stapedial A?

A

hyoid A –> br –> connect int & ext carotid A –> normally regress

164
Q

pulsatile tinnitus –> exam –> blue retrotympanic mass –> ddx? (1)

A

dehiscent jugular bulb

165
Q

what is paraganglioma?

A

(para)sympathetic paraganglionic tissue –> extra-adrenal neoplasm

166
Q

head & neck –> paraganglioma –> MC locations? (4)

A
  • carotid bifurcation
  • suprahyoid neck –> along course of vagus N
  • jugular foramen
  • middle ear
167
Q

what is glomus tympanicum tumor?

A

paraganglioma –> isolated to middle ear –> jugular plate intact

168
Q

what is glomus jugulotympanicum tumor?

A

paraganglioma –> involve middle ear & jugular foramen

169
Q

lrg paraganglioma –> classic MRI appearnce?

A

“salt & pepper” appearance –> intratumoral flow voids

170
Q

paraganglioma –> most sensitive imaging study?

A

Ga-68 DOTATE PET-CT

171
Q

epidermoid cyst in the temporal bone is called what?

A

cholesteatoma

172
Q

cholesteatoma –> CT appearance?

A
  • soft tissue mass –> opacify part of middle ear

- adj bone erosion

173
Q

foramen spinosum –> contain what struct? (1)

A

middle meningeal A

174
Q

jugular foramen –> contain what struct? (4)

A
  • pars nervosa: CN9

- pars vascularis: CN10 & 11

175
Q

internal auditory canal –> contain what struct? (4)

A
  • CN7
  • CN8
  • sup & inf vestibular compt
176
Q

meckel cave –> contain what struct? (1)

A

trigeminal ganglion

177
Q

dorello’s canal –> contain what struct? (2)

A
  • CN6

- inf petrosal sinus

178
Q

external carotid branches (in order)? (8)

A

Some Admin Love Fucking Over Poor Med Students:

  • Sup thyroid
  • Ascending pharyngeal
  • Lingual
  • Facial
  • Occipital
  • Post auricular
  • Maxillary
  • Sup temporal
179
Q

intracranial ICA –> branches? (3)

A
  • ophthalmic
  • post comm
  • ant choroidal
180
Q

CN3 palsy –> etiology –> ddx? (1)

A

Pcomm aneurysm

181
Q

CN6 palsy –> etiology –> ddx? (1)

A

inc ICP

182
Q

older F –> rapidly expansile, painful thyroid –> what type of thyroid CA?

A

anaplastic

183
Q

thyroid US –> most suspicious feature?

A

microcalcs

184
Q

thyroid US –> microcalcs –> hallmark of what dx?

A

papillary thyroid CA

185
Q

thyroid US –> what echotexture is a feature of malig?

A

solid hypoechoic

186
Q

bad looking delphian node (level 6) –> dx?

A

layrngeal CA met

187
Q

thyroid CA –> anaplastic type –> RF? (2)

A
  • elder

- radiation tx

188
Q

thyroid CA –> papillary type –> US appearance? CT? MR?

A
  • US: hyper compared to normal nodes
  • CT: hypervasc
  • MRI: T1 bright
189
Q

thyroid CA –> lung mets –> classic pattern?

A

miliary

190
Q

thyroid CA –> lung mets –> tx: I-131 –> comp? (1)

A

pulm fibrosis

191
Q

Enhancement of the facial nerve accompanied by enhancement in the internal auditory canal and labyrinth, and vesicles within the EAC –> dx?

A

Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster otica) –> shingles of facial N

192
Q

cervical LN levels: level of submandibular glands –> what level LN? (2)

A
  • ant to submandibular gland –> level 1

- post –> 2

193
Q

cervical LN levels: how differentiate level 2A & B?

A
  • A: ant to SCM

- B: post to SCM

194
Q

cervical LN levels: bw level of hyoid & cricoid –> ie. at thyroid cartilage –> what level LN? (2)

A
  • ant to SCM –> 3

- post to SCM –> 5A

195
Q

cervical LN levels: below cricoid –> ie at thyroid gland –> what level LN? (3)

A
  • midline –> 6
  • lat to SCM –> 5B
  • post to SM –> 4

CORE (33 decks)

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